RUI: Molecular Mechanisms of Euryhalinity

RUI：广盐性的分子机制

基本信息

批准号：
9807539
负责人：
David Towle
金额：
$ 24万
依托单位：
Lake Forest College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-07-01 至 2001-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9807539&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Molecular Mechanisms Euryhalinity

项目摘要

Towle 9807539 Euryhalinity, the ability to tolerate a breadth of environmental salinities, is a property of a small number of plant and animal species. However, some euryhaline species may be very prolific, exemplified by the blue crab in the Chesapeake Bay. The PIs goals are to discover the molecular mechanisms that enable euryhalinity, focusing on a group of closely related animals that exhibit an array of adaptations to salinity. The blue crab Callinectes sapidus is itself extremely euryhaline, thriving in fresh water and lagoons more concentrated than normal sea water. Its close relative, Callinectes similis, however, cannot survive dilute salinities. The PIs will study these plus a third intermediate species, the green shore crab Carcinus maenas, to describe the genes and proteins that make euryhalinity possible. The PIs will focus on three candidate transporter proteins that may regulate the uptake of sodium by the gill. The PIs hypothesis is that the genes coding for important proteins will be active in tolerant species but inactive or less active in intolerant species. All of the candidate transporter proteins have been implicated in salt handling by kidneys of mammals and other vertebrates. If the PIs are able to demonstrate salinity-related activation of one or more of the transporter genes, the PIs will embark on a search for the hypothetical regulatory "sodium uptake response element" ("SURE").

Towle 9807539 广盐性，即耐受各种环境盐度的能力，是少数植物和动物物种的特性。然而，一些广盐物种可能非常多产，例如切萨皮克湾的蓝蟹。 PI 的目标是发现实现广盐性的分子机制，重点关注一组密切相关的动物，这些动物表现出一系列对盐度的适应。蓝蟹 Callinectes sapidus 本身具有极强的广盐性，在淡水和比普通海水浓度更高的泻湖中繁衍生息。然而，它的近亲 Callinectes similis 却无法在稀盐环境下生存。 PI 将研究这些物种以及第三种中间物种——绿岸蟹 Carcinus maenas，以描述使广盐性成为可能的基因和蛋白质。 PI 将重点关注三种可能调节鳃对钠的吸收的候选转运蛋白。 PI 假设是，编码重要蛋白质的基因在耐受物种中活跃，但在不耐受物种中不活跃或活性较低。所有候选转运蛋白都与哺乳动物和其他脊椎动物肾脏的盐处理有关。如果 PI 能够证明一个或多个转运蛋白基因与盐度相关的激活，那么 PI 将开始寻找假设的调节“钠吸收反应元件”（“SURE”）。