CAREER: Microbial Degradation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons Under Anaerobic Conditions

职业：厌氧条件下芳香烃的微生物降解

• 批准号: 9733535
• 负责人: Alfred Spormann
• 金额: $ 49.86万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-06-01 至 2006-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9733535&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Microbial; Degradation; Aromatic; Hydrocarbons

9733535 Spormann This project will investigate the biochemical and molecular mechanisms of aromatic hydrocarbon degradation by anaerobic bacteria. Current work in this research group has revealed several novel biochemical reactions involved in the initial steps of anaerobic degradation of toluene, xylenes, and ethylbenzene. Catabolic pathways for these compounds will be established and key enzymes of the novel pathways will be characterized. A genetic analysis of the pathways will be initiated to understand how these catabolic genes are regulated and which environmental factors control their expression. Further, it is proposed to isolate novel prokaryotes that degrade aromatic hydrocarbons under sulfidogenic and methanogenic conditions. BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes) compounds are among the most water-soluble components of gasoline and are frequently released in the environment by spills and improper handling. Contaminated sites often become anaerobic. Investigating anaerobic BTEX degradation in terms of the biochemistry involved, the molecular mechanisms that regulate expression of catabolic genes, and the microbial ecology of the hydrocarbon-degrading organisms will advance our fundamental knowledge of microbial metabolism, and will also be of practical use for evaluating and enhancing intrinsic bioremediation. The teaching activities are integrated with the research activities and have related focus. An Environmental Microbiology curriculum is currently being established to convey a comprehensive understanding of microbial activities in nature. An emphasis will be the mutual interactions between microorganisms and their environment, how microbial activities control the physical-chemical properties of an environment, and in turn, how this affects microbial activities, ranging from the elemental cycles of carbon, nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen and iron to microbial metabolism of compounds of geochemical and of anthropogenic origin.

9733535 Spormann该项目将研究厌氧菌细菌芳族烃降解的生化和分子机制。 该研究小组中的当前工作揭示了甲苯，二甲苯和乙烯苯甲苯厌氧降解的初始步骤涉及的几种新型生化反应。 将确定这些化合物的分解代谢途径，并将表征新颖途径的关键酶。 将开始对途径进行遗传分析，以了解如何调节这些分解代谢基因以及哪些环境因素控制其表达。 此外，提议分离新的原核生物，从而在硫酸和甲烷造成条件下降解芳族烃。 BTEX（苯，甲苯，乙烯苯，二甲苯）化合物是汽油最水溶性的成分之一，经常被溢出和不当处理在环境中释放。 受污染的站点通常会变成厌氧。 Investigating anaerobic BTEX degradation in terms of the biochemistry involved, the molecular mechanisms that regulate expression of catabolic genes, and the microbial ecology of the hydrocarbon-degrading organisms will advance our fundamental knowledge of microbial metabolism, and will also be of practical use for evaluating and enhancing intrinsic bioremediation. 教学活动与研究活动集成在一起，并具有相关的重点。 目前正在建立环境微生物学课程，以便对自然界的微生物活动进行全面的了解。 强调将是微生物及其环境之间的相互作用，微生物活性如何控制环境的物理化学特性，进而，这如何影响微生物活性，范围从碳，氮，硫，硫，氧气，氧气和铁的基本循环到地球的化合物的微生物形成质量和质量化学生成和质量的生物。