PEET: Monographic Research in Araneoid Spider Systematics

PEET：蜘蛛系统学专题研究

• 批准号: 9712353
• 负责人: Gustavo Hormiga
• 金额: $ 41.55万
• 依托单位: George Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-09-15 至 2003-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9712353&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PEET; Monographic; Research; Araneoid; Spider

9712353 HORMIGA Spiders are numerous, widespread and have a direct impact on human affairs. About 30 species inflict medically important bites; more generally, spider venoms are used in medical and pharmaceutical research. Spider silk has extraordinary physical properties; silks and their constituents are foci of biotechnological research with possible commercial applications. Spiders also regulate insect populations in natural and agricultural environments. Nevertheless spider diversity and biology are inadequately understood. About 36,000 species are known to science, less than half of the number thought to be present on Earth. Faunas in tropical and Southern Hemisphere temperate areas are most poorly known. Even for the described species, accurate identification manuals, keys, monographs and phylogenetic analyses are, for the most part, lacking. In this PEET proposal, Gustavo Hormiga, John Coddington and colleagues will improve the state of spider taxonomy by conducting monographic research within three subfamilies (Linyphiidae; Theridiidae; Tetragnathidae) of araneoid (Araneae) spiders. The monographic research will make use of museum and field-collected specimens to describe new species, produce keys to species, reconstruct phylogenetic relationships among the species, and develop a computerized information system linking text, data, and image files and available via the World Wide Web and CD-ROM. The research will train three new taxonomists in modern methods, developed and applied to spiders, during the course of the project.

9712353 HORMIGA 蜘蛛数量众多、分布广泛，对人类事务有直接影响。 大约有 30 种物种会造成具有医学意义的咬伤；更一般地，蜘蛛毒液用于医学和药物研究。 蜘蛛丝具有非凡的物理性能；丝绸及其成分是生物技术研究的焦点，并具有可能的商业应用。 蜘蛛还调节自然和农业环境中的昆虫种群。 然而，人们对蜘蛛多样性和生物学的了解还不够充分。 科学界已知的物种约有 36,000 种，不到地球上已知物种数量的一半。 热带和南半球温带地区的动物群最为鲜为人知。 即使对于所描述的物种，在很大程度上也缺乏准确的鉴定手册、索引、专着和系统发育分析。 在这项 PEET 提案中，Gustavo Hormiga、John Coddington 及其同事将通过对蜘蛛 (Araneae) 蜘蛛的三个亚科（Linyphiidae、Theridiidae、Tetragnathidae）进行专题研究来改善蜘蛛分类学的状况。 专题研究将利用博物馆和野外采集的标本来描述新物种，生成物种密钥，重建物种之间的系统发育关系，并开发一个连接文本、数据和图像文件的计算机化信息系统，并可通过全球网站获取网络和 CD-ROM。 该研究将在项目过程中使用现代方法培训三名新的分类学家，这些方法已开发并应用于蜘蛛。