REG: X-Ray Powder Diffractometer for Characterization of Ultrafine Materials and Novel Structures

REG：用于表征超细材料和新型结构的 X 射线粉末衍射仪

• 批准号: 9411901
• 负责人: Jackie Ying
• 金额: $ 5.5万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-08-01 至 1995-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9411901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: REG; Ray; Powder; Diffractometer; Characterization

ABSTRACT Jackie Y. Ying CTS-9411901 A X-ray powder diffractometer will be purchased and dedicated to support several research projects in the Departments of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The projects include structural tailoring of ultrafine materials generated through nanocrystalline synthesis, sol-gel processing, and pillaring of layered structures. The common theme of these programs lies in the design of nanoscale structure, which consists of nanometer-sized crystallites or two-dimensional layered structures, high volume fraction of surfaces and interfaces, and microporous network. X-ray diffractometry will be used in the identification of crystalline phases, and in the characterization of crystallite size, lattice strain, film thickness, interlayer spacing, and thermal stability. Novel nanostructures are targeted towards the following applications: (1) high activity catalysts for SO2 removal, (2) microporous molecularly mixed multicomponent catalysts for partial oxidation and hydrodesulfirization, (3) low-temperature sinterable, high strength Si3N4-based structural composites, ad (4) high permselectivity dense metallic membranes for hydrogen purification and membrane reaction. The first three projects are currently funded by NSF. The proposed diffractometer will be also used in the phase identification and structural determination of new nitrides and oxygen ion conductors. Ternary nitrides which have interesting metallic and magnetic properties will be synthesized via ammonolysis of solid state oxide precursors. Accurate structural characterization of these polycrystalline powders will be performed with X-ray Rietveld refinement. Similar structural determination is also proposed for novel layered bismuth oxides with intrinsic oxygen vacancies. They have great potential as low-temperature superionic oxygen ion conductors, which will be very useful in fuel cell and air separation technologies. Research is funded through gran ts from Division and American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund. ***

摘要Jackie Y. Ying CTS-9411901将购买并专门购买X射线粉末衍射仪，以支持马萨诸塞州技术学院化学工程和化学部门的几个研究项目。 这些项目包括通过纳米晶体合成，溶胶 - 凝胶加工以及分层结构的壁层产生的超细材料的结构剪裁。 这些程序的共同主题在于纳米级结构的设计，纳米级结构由纳米尺寸的微晶或二维分层结构，表面和接口的大量分数以及微孔网络组成。 X射线衍射测量法将用于鉴定晶相，并在晶体大小，晶格应变，膜厚度，层间间距和热稳定性的表征中使用。 新型纳米结构针对以下应用：（1）用于去除SO2的高活性催化剂，（2）用于部分氧化和氢化化的微孔分子混合多组分催化剂，（3）低温缩减，高强度SI3N4基于AD，AD，AD，AD，AD，AD，高强度（4）高允许性致密的金属膜，用于氢纯化和膜反应。 前三个项目目前由NSF资助。 所提出的衍射仪也将用于新氮化物和氧气导体的相识别和结构测定。 具有有趣金属和磁性特性的三元氮化物将通过固态氧化物前体的氨解会合成。 这些多晶粉的准确结构表征将通过X射线rietveld的细化进行。 还提出了具有内在氧空位的新型分层二氧化氧化物的类似结构测定。 它们作为低温超级离子氧离子导体具有很大的潜力，这将在燃料电池和空气分离技术中非常有用。 研究是通过分区和美国化学学会石油研究基金的Gran Ts资助的。 ***