NSF Young Investigator: Structural Tailoring of Nanoscale Materials for Catalysis and Ceramics

NSF 青年研究员：催化和陶瓷纳米级材料的结构定制

• 批准号: 9257223
• 负责人: Jackie Ying
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-09-01 至 1998-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9257223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Young; Investigator; Structural; Tailoring

This is an NSF Young Investigator Award. The research addresses the processing of nanoscale materials with unusual surface reactivity and physical properties for catalysis and ceramic applications. One objective is to achieve highly dense materials at relatively low sintering temperatures by exploiting the small grain size and enhanced surface diffusion of nanometer-sized particles prepared by the gas condensation method. Structural evolution of the nanostructured materials is observed by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy. Mechanical properties of these materials are also analyzed for net-shape forming and high- temperature applications. Nanostructural composites are synthesized as supported metal catalysts; these materials should offer high metal dispersion and possibly enhanced catalytic activity, and can be engineered to have a high density of uniform nanoscale pores. The thermal stability, selectivity, and reactivity of nanostructure catalysts in chemical manufacturing processes are studied and compared to those of catalysts produced by sol-gel synthesis or traditional impregnation methods. Catalysts are characterized by small-angle X-ray scattering, Moessbauer spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and calorimetry. Reaction kinetics of processes using the novel catalysts are followed with high-temperature photoacoustic infrared spectroscopy.

这是NSF年轻调查员奖。 该研究介绍了具有异常表面反应性和物理特性的纳米级材料的处理，用于催化和陶瓷应用。 一个目的是通过利用小晶粒尺寸和通过气体冷凝方法制备的纳米尺寸颗粒的表面扩散来实现相对较低的烧结温度的高度致密材料。 纳米结构材料的结构演化是通过X射线衍射，原子力显微镜和光声红外光谱观察到的。 还分析了这些材料的机械性能，以分析形成净形状和高温应用。 纳米结构复合材料合成为载体的金属催化剂；这些材料应提供高金属分散体并可能增强催化活性，并且可以设计成高密度的均匀纳米级孔。 研究了化学制造过程中纳米结构催化剂的热稳定性，选择性和反应性，并将其与Sol-Gel合成或传统浸渍方法产生的催化剂的热稳定性和反应性进行了比较。 催化剂的特征是小角度X射线散射，Moessbauer光谱，原子力显微镜，正电子歼灭光谱和热量法。 使用新型催化剂的过程进行反应动力学，然后使用高温光声红外光谱。