Air-Sea Gas Transfer in Coastal Waters

沿海水域海气输送

• 批准号: 9409222
• 负责人: Tetsu Hara
• 金额: $ 18.31万
• 依托单位: University of Rhode Island
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-15 至 1998-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9409222&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Air; Sea; Gas; Transfer; Coastal

9409222 Hara Research will be undertaken in response to a one-time Program Announcement (NSF 93-101) for the Coastal Ocean Processes (CoOP) Coastal Air-Sea Chemical Fluxes pilot study. The NSF/CoOP Study will augment and collaborate with the ONR-sponsored Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Advanced Research Initiative (ARI) project scheduled for 1995 off the coast of Monterey, California. The overall scientific project is interdisciplinary, with the NSF/CoOP efforts addressing chemical and biological parameters, while the ONR study focuses on physical oceanographic and meteorological parameters. This is a collaborative project between investigators from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and from Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The research will improve our understanding of air-sea gas transfer under different environmental conditions at the air-sea interface. A new in situ instrument will be developed to measure the gas transfer velocity (k) on time scales of minutes to hours that are much shorter than conventional tracer techniques (days or longer). The instrument will be integrated into a small research catamaran called LADAS which is towed behind a research vessel. LADAS carries a scanning laser slope gauge, to measure the three-dimensional capillary-gravity wave spectrum, meteorological instruments, and a long-wave monitoring capability. Additionally a surface microlayer sampler will be installed on the catamaran to enable coincident measurements of the gas transfer velocity, small scale roughness, wind stress, and surface chemical parameters. LADAS will be deployed in several field experiments to determine air-sea gas transfer rates under realistic ocean conditions and especially to relate these observations over different spatial and temporal scales in coastal environments. Such analyses will not only provide a more accurate parameterization of gas transfer velocity by avoiding biases caused by long time averaging, but will also provid e insights as to the transient nature of gas flux. The correlation of surface roughness and gas flux will benefit future global remote sensing of air-sea gas exchange since surface roughness is one of sea surface parameters than can be remotely measured from aircraft and satellites.

9409222 HARA研究将是针对沿海海洋工艺（COP）沿海气海化学通量试点研究的一次性计划公告（NSF 93-101）进行的。 NSF/Coop研究将扩大并与ONR赞助的海洋边界层（MBL）高级研究计划（ARI）项目合作，该项目计划于1995年在加利福尼亚州蒙特雷海岸附近进行。 总体科学项目是跨学科的，NSF/COOP的努力解决了化学和生物学参数，而ONR研究则侧重于物理海洋学和气象参数。 这是来自伍兹孔海洋学机构的调查人员与Scripps海洋学机构之间的合作项目。 这项研究将在空气接口处的不同环境条件下提高我们对空气气体转移的理解。 将开发一种新的原位仪器，以在几分钟到小时的时间尺度上测量气体传输速度（K），比传统的示踪技术短得多（天或更长时间）。 该仪器将被整合到一支名为LADAS的小型研究双体船中，该双体船在研究船后面拖曳。 LADAS携带扫描激光斜率量规，以测量三维毛细血管 - 重力波谱，气象仪器和长波监测能力。 另外，将安装在双体船上的表面微层采样器，以使气体转移速度，小规模粗糙度，风应力和表面化学参数的重合测量。 LADA将在几个现场实验中部署，以确定在逼真的海洋条件下的气海气体转移率，尤其是在沿海环境中不同的空间和时间尺度上关联这些观察结果。 这样的分析不仅将通过避免长期平均引起的偏差来提供更准确的气体转移速度参数化，而且还将提供有关气体通量的瞬时性质的见解。 表面粗糙度和气体通量的相关性将使未来的全球气海气体交换遥感受益，因为表面粗糙度是海面参数之一，而不是从飞机和卫星中远程测量的海面参数。