RUI: Avian Extinctions and Climatic Change in the Pleistocene of Florida

RUI：佛罗里达州更新世的鸟类灭绝和气候变化

• 批准号: 9403206
• 负责人: Steven Emslie
• 金额: $ 5.05万
• 依托单位: Western Colorado University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-01-01 至 1997-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9403206&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Avian; Extinctions; Climatic; Change

9403206 Emslie The project will develop a chronology of avian extinctions for the Plio-Pleistocene of Florida using the exceptional fossil record of birds from this region. Dozens of published and unpublished late Pliocene to late Pleistocene (Blancan through Rancholabrean Land Mammal Ages, 2.4-0.010 Ma) localities that include over 100 taxa of birds provide an excellent database from which to establish this chronology. These avifaunas are located throughout Florida, represent a diversity of depositional environments and provide substantial information on the structure of terrestrial, wetland and coastal/marine communities throughout this period. This chronology will be supplemented with identification and description of seven additional avifaunas that will add at least 10 undescribed extinct taxa to the fossil record of Florida. Limited fieldwork at selected sites and newly discovered localities will be completed to determine their age, recover additional fossil material and collect paleoenvironmental data using paleomagnetic, strontium isotope, radiocarbon and palynologic sampling. Avian extinction in the Plio-Pleistocene will be investigated using FAUNMAP, a GIS-based computer program,, and digitized land cover maps of Florida, to reconstruct avian distributions and habitats for specific time intervals. Paleoenvironmental information will be drawn from geological, paleontological and palynological data from over 50 vertebrate localities. The maps generated from this program will be compared with the avian chronology to develop and test hypotheses on avian extinctions and climatic change. This research will be completed over a two year period in collaboration with a geologist and paynologist. It will provide a thorough documentation of Plio-Pleistocene avian diversity and extinction in one geographic region of North America and will be the first application of the FAUNMAP system with fossil birds. Results of this investigation will be applicable to current global warming and its potential impact on vertebrate communities.

9403206 Emslie该项目将使用该地区的鸟类鲜明的化石记录来开发佛罗里达州Plio-Pleistecene的鸟类灭绝年代。 数十个已发表和未发表的上新世晚期至晚更新世（通过Rancholabrean Land Mammal Ages，2.4-0.010 MA）包括100多个鸟类分类单元提供了一个出色的数据库，从而为建立这种年代学提供了出色的数据库。 这些Avifaunas遍布佛罗里达州，代表了多种沉积环境，并在此期间提供了有关陆地，湿地和沿海/海洋社区结构的大量信息。 该年表将补充七个Avifaunas的识别和描述，这将在佛罗里达的化石记录中至少增加10个未描述的灭绝分类单元。 在选定地点和新发现的地方的实地调查将有限，以确定其年龄，恢复其他化石材料并使用古磁性，同位素，放射性碳和元流体采样收集古环境数据。 Plio pleisteene中的鸟类灭绝将使用基于GIS的计算机程序Faunmap和佛罗里达的数字化土地覆盖地图进行研究，以重建禽类分布和栖息地，以进行特定的时间间隔。 古环境信息将从50多个脊椎动物地区的地质，古生物学和古生物学数据中获取。 该程序产生的地图将与鸟类年表进行比较，以开发和检验有关鸟类灭绝和气候变化的假设。 这项研究将在两年内与地质学家和付费医生合作完成。 它将提供北美一个地理区域的Plio-Pleistecene鸟类多样性和灭绝的详尽文献，并将成为Faunmap系统与化石鸟类的首次应用。 这项调查的结果将适用于当前的全球变暖及其对脊椎动物社区的潜在影响。