Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides from Stationary PowerSources Using Methane

使用甲烷催化还原固定电源产生的氮氧化物

基本信息

批准号：
9211552
负责人：
M. Albert Vannice
金额：
$ 24.68万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1993-03-01 至 1996-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9211552&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Catalytic Reduction Nitrogen Oxides Stationary

项目摘要

This project examines the feasibility of reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from stationary power sources by including a catalytic reburn step in the process. The reburn chamber would be incorporated into the stack of a boiler or into a heat- recovery steam generator following a gas turbine, and would incorporate heterogeneous catalysts capable of generating methyl radicals from natural gas (methane) injected into the exit stream of the combustor. The ability of methyl radicals to reduce nitrogen oxides is already well established. In this study, two families of catalysts known to generate methyl radicals from methane are used: lithium-doped zinc oxide and magnesium oxide, and rare- earth oxides such as lanthana. Catalytic studies and adsorption measurements provide specific activities, activation energies, and kinetic rate expressions. Infrared spectroscopy done in situ is used to characterized the surface species on the most active catalysts. Successful application of this concept to power generating processes would result in an enormous decrease in nitrogen oxide emissions and would probably eliminate acid rain from power generation as a major environmental problem. It would also obviate the need for the more expensive and more cumbersome processes involving ammonia that are currently being used. Application to other industrial sources nitrogen oxides is also envisioned.

该项目研究了通过在此过程中包括催化重击步骤来减少固定功率来源的氮氧化物排放的可行性。燃气轮机后，将汇合室被掺入锅炉的堆栈或热回收蒸汽发生器中，并结合能够从天然气（甲烷）中产生甲基自由基的异质催化剂，这些催化剂（甲烷）注入了燃烧器的出口流中。甲基自由基减少氮氧化物的能力已经确定。在这项研究中，使用了两种已知可从甲烷产生甲基自由基的催化剂家族：掺杂锂的氧化锌和氧化镁，以及稀土氧化物，例如兰萨纳。催化研究和吸附测量可提供特定的活动，激活能和动力学速率表达式。现场进行的红外光谱法用于表征最活跃的催化剂上的表面物种。该概念在发电过程中的成功应用将导致氮氧化物排放量大大减少，并且可能会消除发电作为主要环境问题的酸雨。这也将消除对当前正在使用的涉及氨的更昂贵，更繁琐的过程的需求。还设想了应用于其他工业来源的氮氧化物。