Chemical Modulation of Marine Deposit Feeding

海洋沉积物喂养的化学调节

• 批准号: 9206834
• 负责人: Lawrence Mayer
• 金额: $ 26.2万
• 依托单位: University of Maine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-07-01 至 1996-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9206834&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Chemical; Modulation; Marine; Deposit; Feeding

Deposit feeding is important in gating the transfer or burial of all particles that arrive at the seafloor, with implications ranging from flow through trophic webs to resolution of the stratigraphic record. The resources that fuel deposit feeding, however, remain poorly identified-with a few notable exceptions. By chemical examination and biological experimentation that isolate the processes of food detection and digestion this project will attempt to generalize the approach used to create a pair of those exceptions. This project will be guided by theory that predicts maximization of net absorption rate as material transits the gut of an organism. The focus of the project is on three specific processes that modulate processes leading to this maximization, namely smell, taste and absorption across the gut wall. Smell and taste will be determined with chemical, operational definitions based on response to diffused or contacted compounds. The efficacy of compounds that elicit feeding responses in the laboratory will be tested for their roles as attractants in the field. While the correlation between sensing ability and nutritional value will not be perfect, the imperfection affects the ability of these animals to sense the presence of food and so itself is of interest. The concept of optimal gut retention times of ingested food focuses attention on a kinetic definition of food quality, whose determination will also likely result in identification of usable food resources. Measurements of absorption of digested foods into the gut wall will allow explicit tests of these models of absorption maximization on a series of animals from Puget Sound and the Gulf of Maine.

沉积喂养对于门控到达海底的所有颗粒的转移或埋葬都很重要，其影响范围从流经营养网到分辨地层记录的分辨率不等。 然而，燃料饲料的资源仍然很少发现，有一些值得注意的例外。 通过化学检查和生物学实验，将食物检测过程和消化过程分离出来，该项目将试图概括用于创建一对例外的方法。 该项目将受到理论的指导，该理论可以预测净吸收率的最大化，因为材料过渡了生物体的肠道。 该项目的重点是调节导致这种最大化的过程的三个特定过程，即遍布整个肠壁。 气味和味道将由化学，操作定义确定，基于对扩散或接触的化合物的反应。 在实验室中引起喂养反应的化合物的功效将被测试，以作为其吸引者在现场中的作用。 尽管感应能力和营养价值之间的相关性并不完美，但不完美会影响这些动物感知食物存在的能力，因此本身就是感兴趣的。 摄入食品的最佳肠道保留时间的概念将注意力集中在食品质量的动力学定义上，食物质量的确定也可能导致识别可用的食物资源。 将消化食品吸收到肠壁上的测量将允许对普吉特声音和缅因州海湾一系列动物的吸收最大化模型进行明确的测试。