RUI: Fate of Xenografts in Biomphalaria glabrata (Mollusca: Pulmonata)

RUI：光滑双脐动物（软体动物：肺动物）异种移植物的命运

基本信息

批准号：
9017264
负责人：
John Sullivan
金额：
$ 12.52万
依托单位：
Lamar University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
1991
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1991-03-15 至 1995-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9017264&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Fate Xenografts Biomphalaria glabrata

项目摘要

When tissue gafts are transplanted from one species of mollusc to another (xenografts), the grafts reportedly fail, i.e., die. The goal of the proposed research is to understand the mechanisms of xenograft failure in molluscs. Specifically, the study will assess the relative roles of (1) physiological incompatibility between donor and recipient and (2) immunological rejection by the recipient. Methods will include implantation of hearts from phylogenetically close and phylogenetically distant species into a single recipient snail species. Fates of the implants will be followed histologically and histochemically, and will be compared to fates of hearts maintained in vitro, and to fates of implants from donors of the same species. In addition, the role of the immune system will be ascertained by conducting implants in immunosuppressed recipients, i.e., snails infected with larval trematodes. Finally, initial information on the types of determinants on the xenograft recognized as non-self will be gained by subjecting grafts to chemical modification such as neuraminidase digestion and lectin binding prior to implantation. The potential significance of this project is that it may help to elucidate the mechanisms of immune-like self recognition in molluscs, serve as a model for studying primitive forms of self recognition that also occur in vertebrates, and provide information on phylogenetic relationships within an important group of molluscs.

当组织GAFT从一种软体动物移植到另一种（异种移植物）时，据报道，移植物失败了，即死亡。拟议的研究的目的是了解软体动物中异种移植失败的机制。具体而言，该研究将评估（1）供体与受体之间生理不相容性的相对作用，以及（2）受体免疫排斥。方法将包括从系统发育近距离和系统发育距离物种中植入心脏的蜗牛物种。植入物的命运将在组织学和组织化学上遵循，并将与维持体外的心脏的命运以及植入物的命运进行比较。此外，通过在免疫抑制受体中进行植入物，即感染了幼虫弹药的蜗牛，可以确定免疫系统的作用。最后，将通过在植入之前将移植物（如神经氨酸酶消化和凝集素结合）进行化学修饰，从而获得有关被识别为非自我的决定因素类型的初始信息。该项目的潜在意义在于，它可能有助于阐明软体动物中免疫样自识别的机制，是研究脊椎动物中也出现原始形式的自我识别形式的模型，并提供有关重要小组中的系统发育关系的信息。