U.S.-Japan Cooperative Research: Studies in Astrochemistry

美日合作研究：天体化学研究

• 批准号: 8915252
• 负责人: William Irvine
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: University of Massachusetts Amherst
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-01-01 至 1993-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8915252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; Japan; Cooperative; Research; Studies

This award supports collaboration in astrochemistry between Professors William M. Irvine, Paul F. Goldsmith, and F. Peter Schloerb, of the University of Massachusetts; and Professor Shuji Saito, Nagoya University, Japan, as well as other Japanese investigators at Nagoya University, Toyama University, and the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. The researchers will cooperate in several studies aimed at increasing understanding of the chemical composition and processes in interstellar molecular clouds, using the techniques of high-frequency radio astronomy and modern laboratory molecular spectroscopy. The laboratory work will be carried out primarily in the Department of Astrophysics at the University of Nagoya, while astronomical observations will be made at the Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory (FCRAO), which is operated by the University of Massachusetts, and at the Nobeyama Radio Observatory. Chemistry plays an increasingly well-recognized role in the study of important astronomical environments, including the interstellar molecular clouds where stars are believed to form, the envelopes expelled by both young and evolved stars, and cometary comae. In this project, the strengths of three research facilities are brought together, one in the U.S. and two in Japan. Both the U.S. and Japanese investigators bring significant experience and expertise in astrochemistry to this effort. The 14-meter diameter radio telescope of the FCRAO is the largest single-dish millimeter wavelength telescope in North America. Used in conjunction with various state-of-the-art receivers developed at FCRAO, it provides extremely high sensitivity in several spectral frequency regions of interest in these studies. The 45-meter radio telescope at Nobeyama is the largest radio telescope in the world for observations at millimeter wavelengths, and so offers the highest resolution at these wavelengths available with any single dish antenna. Members of the Molecular Spectroscopy Group in the Department of Astrophysics at Nagoya are among world leaders in the laboratory study of highly reactive, unstable molecular species. Cooperation among these three groups has existed for several years, and this award will permit the collaboration to be strengthened and expanded. Specific projects proposed for study include spectral surveys of cold, quiescent interstellar clouds to better determine their chemical composition, investigations of possible molecular formation or equilibration on interstellar grains, studies of the degree of chemical saturation in different environments, and determination of the relative abundance of closely related molecular species in order to investigate reaction pathways.

该奖项支持马萨诸塞大学大学教授William M. M. Irvine，Paul F. Goldsmith和F. Peter Schloerb之间的合作合作；日本名古屋大学的Shuji Saito教授，以及Nagoya大学，富山大学的其他日本调查员和Nobeyama Radio天文台。 研究人员将使用高频射电天文学和现代实验室分子光谱法的技术进行多项研究，以增加对星际分子云中化学组成和过程的了解。 实验室工作将主要在名古屋大学的天体物理学系进行，而天文学观察将在马萨诸塞大学和Nobeyama Radio Versvorator经营的五个学院射电天文台（FCRAO）（FCRAO）进行。 化学在重要的天文环境的研究中扮演着越来越公认的作用，包括星际分子云，据信恒星形成，被年轻恒星和进化的恒星驱逐出来，以及彗星comae。 在这个项目中，三个研究设施的优势汇集在一起​​，一个在美国，两个在日本。 美国和日本的调查人员都为这项工作带来了大量的星体化学经验和专业知识。 FCRAO的14米直径射电望远镜是北美最大的单次毫米波长望远镜。 与FCRAO开发的各种最新接收器结合使用，它在这些研究中有几个频谱频率区域提供了极高的灵敏度。 Nobeyama的45米射电望远镜是世界上最大的射电望远镜，可在毫米波长上观察，因此在任何单个菜肴天线都可以提供这些波长时提供最高分辨率。 在高度反应性，不稳定的分子物种的实验室研究中，纳戈亚天体物理学系的分子光谱群的成员是世界领导者。 这三个小组之间的合作已经存在了几年，该奖项将允许加强和扩大合作。 提出的研究的特定项目包括对寒冷，静止的星际云进行光谱调查，以更好地确定其化学成分，对分子形成的可能形成或对星际晶粒的平衡，不同环境中化学饱和度的研究以及确定紧密相关的分子物种相对丰度以调查反应反应途径的密切相关分子物种的相对丰度。