Mouse Mitochondrial DNA Sequences

小鼠线粒体 DNA 序列

• 批准号: 8818053
• 负责人: David Wake
• 金额: $ 19.3万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1989-01-15 至 1992-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8818053&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mouse; Mitochondrial; DNA; Sequences

Genetical research on wild populations of house mice provides insight into the structure and dynamics of those populations. Knowledge of the natural genetic variation will enhance understanding of the genome of the laboratory mouse, which is a model system for investigating the basis of many diseases. Such knowledge will contribute to understanding what makes house mouse populations so successful and to knowledge of the genetic basis of evolution. In this project, the researchers will determine the nucleotide sequences of genes on the mitochondrial chromosome (mtDNA). MtDNA is of use in evolutionary studies because it evolves more rapidly than nuclear DNA. The data obtained will be used to estimate the rate of mtDNA evolution in mice and to compare it with the rate already measured in humans and other animals. The theories will be tested that generation time is a key factor in molecular evolution and that rodents have evolved significantly faster than other creatures at the molecular level. The results will also be used to investigate further the genetic interactions in the European hybrid zone between Mus domesticus and Mus musculus mice and to determine evolutionary relationships among various rodents closely and distantly related to house mice, with emphasis on cases where anatomical and fossil data have led to inferences in conflict with the available molecular evidence. A new technique will be used to obtain the DNA sequences. Starting with the DNA in a tiny amount of tissue, the polymerase chain reaction is used to amplify specific segments of DNA up to a million-fold; the amplified product can then be sequenced directly. Because this method avoids the tedious steps of cloning and searching for the desired clone among thousands or millions of others, it makes possible obtaining DNA sequence data on a large scale. Routine surveys at the DNA sequence level of hundreds of animals captured and then released after collection of a drop of blood or a few hairs are now feasible. Furthermore, because the traces of modified DNA that abound in museum skins and other samples suffice as the starting material, the world's storehouse of specimens accumulated over a century or more is at last accessible to molecular genetic analysis.

房屋小鼠野生种群的基因研究提供了对这些人群的结构和动态的见解。 对自然遗传变异的了解将增强对实验室小鼠基因组的理解，这是研究许多疾病基础的模型系统。 这种知识将有助于理解导致房屋小鼠人群如此成功的原因，并了解进化的遗传基础。 在该项目中，研究人员将确定线粒体染色体（mtDNA）上基因的核苷酸序列。 mtDNA在进化研究中使用，因为它比核DNA更快。 获得的数据将用于估计小鼠中mtDNA进化的速率，并将其与已经在人类和其他动物中测得的速率进行比较。 将测试这些理论是生成时间是分子进化的关键因素，并且啮齿动物的进化速度明显快于分子水平的其他生物。 该结果还将用于进一步研究欧洲杂种和穆斯库鲁斯小鼠之间欧洲混合区域中的遗传相互作用，并确定与房屋小鼠密切相关地相关的各种啮齿动物之间的进化关系，重点是解剖学和化石数据导致与可用分子证据发生冲突的推断。 一种新技术将用于获得DNA序列。 从少量组织中的DNA开始，聚合酶链反应用于扩增DNA的特定段，最高为一百万倍。然后可以直接测序放大的产品。 由于此方法避免了克隆和寻找数千或数百万在其他数千或数百万中的克隆的繁琐步骤，因此可以大规模获得DNA序列数据。 现在可行的数百只动物的DNA序列水平的常规调查是可行的。 此外，由于在博物馆皮中充斥的修饰DNA的痕迹和其他样品足以成为起始材料，因此世界遗传分析最终可以使用一个多个世纪以上的世界标本的仓库。