Chemical Signal Detection: Filter Properties of Chemoreceptor Organs

化学信号检测：化学感受器器官的过滤特性

基本信息

批准号：
8812952
负责人：
Jelle Atema
金额：
$ 45.16万
依托单位：
Trustees of Boston University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing grant
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-08-15 至 1993-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8812952&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Chemical Signal Detection Filter Properties

项目摘要

This is a project to study some of the physical factors involved in sensing of chemicals. The basic issue being approached is how the chemicals that are being sensed are transported to the receptor organs, and how the processes are modified by evolutionary specializations in morphology and behavior. The animal model of chemical sensing that is used is the detection of amino acids by lobster olfactory receptors. In these animals the amino acids, which are feeding stimuli, diffuse to the receptors. In doing so, they finally must diffuse through very thin layers of fluid adjacent to the organs themselves. Different chemoreceptor organs, even in the same animal, can have dramatically different morphology that can result in different diffusion layers. In addition, the animal's behaviors in sampling the environment (flicking and sniffing, for example), affect the boundary layer and also help to minimize the confounding effects of turbulence in the environment. The project will include testing a computational model of receptor organ filtering by measuring and manipulating diffusion layers in different chemoreceptor organs and measuring the time courses of responses in the cells in the living animals. Thus, it will result in an understanding of the structure and function of diffusion layers and of their contribution to analysis of chemical signals. The principles of filtering being studied here in the lobster are important components of all chemical sensing systems. They are little studied and poorly understood, and the conclusions drawn in this study should have wide generalizability to other systems as we..

这是一个研究化学物质传感的一些物理因素的项目。要解决的基本问题是如何将所感知的化学物质传输到受体器官，以及如何通过形态和行为的进化专业化来修改过程。所使用的化学传感动物模型是龙虾嗅觉受体检测氨基酸。在这些动物中，正在喂食刺激的氨基酸扩散到受体。这样一来，他们最终必须通过与器官本身相邻的非常薄的流体层扩散。即使在同一动物中，不同的化学感受器器官也可能具有急剧不同的形态，从而导致不同的扩散层。此外，动物在抽样环境中的行为（例如，闪烁和嗅探）会影响边界层，也有助于最大程度地减少湍流在环境中的混杂作用。该项目将包括通过测量和操纵不同化学感受器器官中的扩散层并测量活动物中细胞中反应的时间过程来测试受体器官滤波的计算模型。因此，这将导致人们了解扩散层的结构和功能及其对化学信号分析的贡献。在龙虾中研究的过滤原理是所有化学传感系统的重要组成部分。它们的研究很少，理解很少，本研究中得出的结论应像我们一样对其他系统具有广泛的普遍性。