Research Initiation: Analysis of Kinetics and Application of Enzymes in Organic Solvents

研究启动：有机溶剂中酶的动力学分析及应用

基本信息

批准号：
8808897
负责人：
Jonathan Dordick
金额：
$ 6.96万
依托单位：
University of Iowa
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-09-01 至 1991-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8808897&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Research Initiation Analysis Kinetics Application

项目摘要

The objectives of this research are to evaluate and directly compare the intrinsic, non-diffusion limited kinetics of enzymatic catalysis in organic media to mechanistically identical reactions in aqueous solutions. This study should extend the practical utilization of enzymes as effective catalysts in organic media by elucidating the variables which control enzymatic activity in novel environments. This should eliminate the continued dependence of enzymatic catalysis in organic media to phenomenological investigations and enable quantitative evaluations of enzymatic activity to be performed. In particular, horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of p-anisidine will be used as a model reaction to quantitatively evaluate the effect of organic solvents on enzymic catalytic efficiency. Diffusional limitations will be eliminated by immobilization of the enzyme to solid supports and by vigorous agitation in a monophasic organic solvent. Horseradish peroxidase - catalyzed polymerization of phenols in organic media may represent a viable alternative to conventional phenol-formaldehyde resins. The enzymatic approach offers the attractive alternatives of high reaction selectivity and the absence of formaldehyde. In the long term, peroxidase-produced phenolic polymers may find use both as general movolak or resole resins and for more specific uses such as supports for chromatography, molecular weight standards, semiconductor plastics, polymeric dyes, and developer resins.

本研究的目的是评估并直接比较有机介质中酶催化的内在非扩散限制动力学与水溶液中机械相同的反应。这项研究应该通过阐明新环境中控制酶活性的变量来扩展酶作为有机介质中有效催化剂的实际应用。这应该消除有机介质中酶催化对现象学研究的持续依赖，并能够对酶活性进行定量评估。特别是，辣根过氧化物酶催化的对茴香胺氧化将被用作模型反应，定量评估有机溶剂对酶催化效率的影响。通过将酶固定到固体支持物上并在单相有机溶剂中剧烈搅拌，可以消除扩散限制。辣根过氧化物酶在有机介质中催化酚类聚合可能是传统酚醛树脂的可行替代品。酶法提供了具有高反应选择性且不含甲醛的有吸引力的替代方案。从长远来看，过氧化物酶产生的酚醛聚合物既可用作普通莫沃拉克树脂或可熔酚醛树脂，也可用于更具体的用途，例如色谱支持物、分子量标准、半导体塑料、聚合物染料和显影剂树脂。