Research Initiation: Analysis of Kinetics and Application of Enzymes in Organic Solvents

研究启动：有机溶剂中酶的动力学分析及应用

基本信息

批准号：
8808897
负责人：
Jonathan Dordick
金额：
$ 6.96万
依托单位：
University of Iowa
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1988-09-01 至 1991-02-28
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8808897&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Research Initiation Analysis Kinetics Application

项目摘要

The objectives of this research are to evaluate and directly compare the intrinsic, non-diffusion limited kinetics of enzymatic catalysis in organic media to mechanistically identical reactions in aqueous solutions. This study should extend the practical utilization of enzymes as effective catalysts in organic media by elucidating the variables which control enzymatic activity in novel environments. This should eliminate the continued dependence of enzymatic catalysis in organic media to phenomenological investigations and enable quantitative evaluations of enzymatic activity to be performed. In particular, horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of p-anisidine will be used as a model reaction to quantitatively evaluate the effect of organic solvents on enzymic catalytic efficiency. Diffusional limitations will be eliminated by immobilization of the enzyme to solid supports and by vigorous agitation in a monophasic organic solvent. Horseradish peroxidase - catalyzed polymerization of phenols in organic media may represent a viable alternative to conventional phenol-formaldehyde resins. The enzymatic approach offers the attractive alternatives of high reaction selectivity and the absence of formaldehyde. In the long term, peroxidase-produced phenolic polymers may find use both as general movolak or resole resins and for more specific uses such as supports for chromatography, molecular weight standards, semiconductor plastics, polymeric dyes, and developer resins.

这项研究的目的是评估和直接比较有机培养基中酶促催化的固有的，非扩散限制动力学，以与水溶液中的机械性反应相同。这项研究应通过阐明在新环境中控制酶促活性的变量，扩大有机培养基中酶作为有效催化剂的实际利用。这应该消除有机培养基中酶促催化的持续依赖性，并能够对酶活性进行定量评估。特别是，辣根过氧化物酶催化的p-氨酸氨酸将用作定量评估有机溶剂对酶促催化效率的影响的模型反应。通过将酶固定在固体载体中和在单相机有机溶剂中剧烈搅拌来消除扩散局限性。辣根过氧化物酶 - 有机培养基中苯酚的催化聚合可能代表常规苯酚甲醛树脂的可行替代品。酶促方法提供了高反应选择性和缺乏甲醛的有吸引力的替代方法。从长远来看，过氧化物酶生产的酚类聚合物可能会发现用作一般的Movolak或Resole Resins，以及在更具体的用途中，例如色谱，分子量标准标准，半导体塑料，聚合物染料和开发人员树脂的支持。