An Investgation of the Air Bubble and Crystallographic Characteristics of Frozen, Soaked Rime

冻结、浸泡的雾凇的气泡和晶体学特征的研究

• 批准号: 8720519
• 负责人: Douglas Lilly
• 金额: $ 11.88万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-03-01 至 1991-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8720519&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Investgation; Air; Bubble; Crystallographic; Characteristics

Because of the destructive potential of hailstones, the likelihood of hail formation is an important component of forecasting severe weather. While meteorologists have a good knowledge of the growth characteristics of hailstones, the factors determining whether a particular thunderstorm will produce hail or not are not well understood. Hailstones are roundish in shape, with lobes or proturberances on the surface. The cross section exhibit an onion-type layered structure with alternating opaque and clear layers caused by the presence of more or less numerous air bubbles. The air bubble and crystallographic characteristics reflect the environmental conditions under which the hailstones are formed. Some relationships between hailstone structures and growth environments have been found, with additional clues to be uncovered. Under this grant, Dr. Pflaum will examine the air bubble and crystallographic properties of frozen, soaked rime grown in the laboratory with varied temperature and pressure. A detailed knowledge of the relationship will lead to a better interpretation of growth environments when decoding hailstone structures. The experiments will be conducted at the cloud physics laboratory at the University of Toronto.

由于冰雹的破坏性潜力，冰雹形成的可能性是预测恶劣天气的重要组成部分。 尽管气象学家对冰雹的生长特征有充分的了解，但确定特定雷暴是否会产生冰雹的因素尚不清楚。 冰雹形状圆形，表面上有裂片或蛋白质。 横截面展示了洋葱型分层结构，其交替不透明和透明层由或多或少的气泡存在引起。 气泡和晶体学特征反映了形成冰雹的环境条件。 已经发现了冰雹结构与生长环境之间的某些关系，还需要发现其他线索。 根据这项赠款，Pflaum博士将检查冻结的气泡和晶体学特性，在实验室中浸泡了rime，温度和压力变化。 在解码冰雹结构时，对这种关系的详细知识将导致对生长环境的更好解释。 实验将在多伦多大学的云物理实验室进行。