Collaborative Research: Bubble Processes during Air-Sea Gas Transfer

合作研究：空气-海水传输过程中的气泡过程

• 批准号: 1558317
• 负责人: Junhong Liang
• 金额: $ 18.31万
• 依托单位: Louisiana State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1558317&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Bubble; Processes; during

Remote gas measurements by floats, gliders, and moorings are used to indirectly determine the Annual Net Community Production (ANCP) in the ocean by examining the gases produced by the biological community during photosynthesis and respiration (i.e. oxygen and carbon dioxide). In principal this method works well, but currently there is a great deal of uncertainty regarding the role of bubbles in the air-sea exchange of gases, and thus in altering the concentrations of gases important for ANCP calculations. This research aims to constrain the effects of bubbles on remote gas measurements used for these production estimates. In particular, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide will be studied. By making measurements of these gases under storm conditions, the study will attempt to determine how much impact turbulence has on bubble processes and air-sea gas transfer. Data from the field observations will then be used to create a bubble process model which will help researchers more accurately use gas measurements to estimate how the biological signal (i.e. ANCP) is modified by physical processes (i.e. bubbles). One graduate student at Louisiana State University will be funded through this project, and the Program for Climate Change at the University of Washington will be supported through training of high school teachers on the role of the oceans in the earth's climate.Upper ocean turbulence has a significant effect on the air-sea transfer of gases. This effect is known, but currently not very well understood or constrained. In particular, the role of bubble processes in this exchange are largely a mystery and introduces a great deal of uncertainty into the use of oxygen measurements as proxies for Annual Net Community Production. This research plans to merge fieldwork and modeling methods to create mechanistic models that will allow researchers to more accurately quantify bubble processes as a mechanism for air-sea exchange of biogenic gases, thereby resulting in a more precise method to calculate Annual Net Community Production from remote sensors on floats, gliders, and moorings. By making precise measurements of O2, N2, and CO2 at the air-sea boundary before and after the rapid pressure changes during storm conditions, a better understanding of the these effects on the exchange of these gases between the surface ocean and lower atmosphere will be achieved.

通过浮标、滑翔机和系泊装置进行远程气体测量，通过检查生物群落在光合作用和呼吸过程中产生的气体（即氧气和二氧化碳）来间接确定海洋中的年度净群落生产量（ANCP）。原则上，这种方法效果很好，但目前关于气泡在海气交换气体中的作用以及因此改变对 ANCP 计算很重要的气体浓度的作用存在很大的不确定性。这项研究旨在限制气泡对用于产量估算的远程气体测量的影响。特别是，将研究氧气、氮气和二氧化碳。 通过在风暴条件下测量这些气体，该研究将尝试确定湍流对气泡过程和海气传输的影响有多大。然后，来自现场观察的数据将用于创建气泡过程模型，该模型将帮助研究人员更准确地使用气体测量来估计生物信号（即 ANCP）如何被物理过程（即气泡）修改。路易斯安那州立大学的一名研究生将通过该项目获得资助，华盛顿大学的气候变化计划将通过对高中教师进行有关海洋在地球气候中的作用的培训来获得支持。对气体的海气输送有显着影响。这种效应是已知的，但目前还没有很好地理解或限制。特别是，气泡过程在这种交换中的作用在很大程度上是一个谜，并且给使用氧气测量作为年度净社区生产的代理带来了很大的不确定性。这项研究计划将实地工作和建模方法结合起来，创建机械模型，使研究人员能够更准确地量化气泡过程作为生物气体海气交换的机制，从而产生更精确的方法来计算远程社区年净产量浮体、滑翔机和系泊装置上的传感器。通过在风暴条件下压力快速变化之前和之后精确测量海气边界的 O2、N2 和 CO2，可以更好地了解这些气体对表层海洋和低层大气之间交换的影响。实现了。