壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NPnEO）废水生化处理过程中内分泌干扰毒性变化规律及微生物学机制

Nonylphnol polyethylene ether (NPnEO) is an important non-ionic surfactant. A large amount of NPnEO enter the wastewater treatment system in the process of production and use. Because NPnEO can be degraded by microorganisms into short-chain NPEO (NP2EO, NP1EO) and NP, which are estrogen-like substances, during biochemical treatment, there is a risk of inducing endocrine disrupting effect in wastewater. Therefore, this project is designed to studying the relationship between endocrine disrupting effect and microbial community structure and functional succession in the biochemical treatment of NP10EO, which is the most widely used NPnEO. Using the combined methodology of bio-testing, chemical analysis and omics technology, the variation of endocrine disrupting effect of NP10EO wastewater as well as the key toxicants under different biochemical treatment conditions is revealed; the succession characteristics of functional bacteria and functional genes responsible for the degradation of NP10EO and key toxicants under different biochemical treatment conditions are analyzed, and the microbiological mechanism underlying the induction and change of endocrine disrupting effect during the biochemical treatment of NP10EO wastewater is clarified, so as to provide theoretical basis and technical support for wastewater toxicity reduction and innocuous treatment of NPnEO wastewater.

壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NPnEO）是一种广泛应用的非离子表面活性剂，大量NPnEO在生产和使用过程中进入废水处理系统。由于低毒的NPnEO在生化处理过程中会被微生物降解转化为毒性更高的短链NPEO（NP2EO、NP1EO）和NP等类雌激素物质，从而会使废水的内分泌干扰毒性升高。因此，本项目选择NPnEO中用量最大的NP10EO为代表，围绕NP10EO废水生化处理过程中内分泌干扰毒性变化与微生物群落结构及功能演替的关联特征等科学问题，采用生物毒性检测、化学分析及现代分子生物学技术结合的方法，揭示不同生化处理条件下NP10EO废水的内分泌干扰毒性及关键致毒物质的变化规律，解析不同生化处理条件下主导毒物降解的关键功能菌群结构特征以及关键功能基因表达和演替规律，阐明废水生化处理过程中内分泌干扰毒性变化的微生物学机制，从而为NPnEO废水无害化处理、废水毒性削减新技术创新提供理论依据和技术支撑。

壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚（NPnEO）在废水生物处理系统中可被降解产生毒性更高的内分泌干扰物，从而有使废水内分泌干扰毒性升高的风险。本项目以NP10EO及其典型废水（印染废水）为研究对象，对废水生化处理前后的内分泌干扰毒性变化特征进行系统调研，对NP10EO在生物处理过程中的毒性、关键致毒产物、降解功能菌及功能基因的关联性规律进行解析，同时初步探索了功能菌群在生物强化脱除NP10EO内分泌干扰毒性上的性能。主要研究结果如下：（1）在调研的10个印染废水处理厂中，生化出水的内分泌干扰毒性均显著高于进水，平均升幅达3.2倍，生化出水的雌二醇当量（EEQ）为1.5~4.1 ng/L，具有显著生态风险；（2）NP10EO在生物降解（活性污泥体系）过程中生成的有毒降解产物主要包括短链NPEOs（NP3EO、NP2EO、NP1EO）、短链壬基酚羧酸（NP1EC）及壬基酚（NP）等，其中NP对整体内分泌干扰毒性的贡献率最高（>87%），是关键致毒物；（3）在印染活性污泥中，具有NP10EO转化和NP降解性能的功能菌包括Sphingobium、Pseudomonas、Dokdonella、Comamonas和Hyphomicrobium等，其中Sphingobium和Pseudomonas在NP10EO降解和毒性削减过程中起主导作用；（4）在分离筛选得到的关键功能菌Pseudomonas monteilii中，参与NP10EO降解脱毒的功能基因包括paaK、badA、catA、hpaB、hpaD、hpaE等；（5）将Sphingobium和Pseudomonas进行组合能够提升NP10EO降解和毒性削减速率，具有强化削减NPnEO废水内分泌干扰毒性的潜力。本项目研究结果为NPnEO废水无害化处理、废水毒性削减新技术创新提供理论依据和技术支撑。

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