基于2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯和全氟己酮的混合灭火介质协同灭火效果与机制研究

Since the production and usage of Halon fire suppressants have been banned, 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and perfluorohexanone have received much attention due to their high efficiency, low global warming potential, and low stratospheric ozone depletion potential. Now, they are being extensively promoted in the world. However, both of them have the combustion enhancement phenomenon when their addition is in low concentrations into the lean hydrocarbon-air mixtures. This phenomenon is not conducive to suppress the incipient fire and limit their usage in some places. Aim at the special needs of fire extinguishing system for the data center, it is necessary to avoid or eliminate the defects of 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and perfluorohexanone happening with the combustion enhancement at low concentrations. Motived by this purpose, we firstly intend to study the effect that the additive types and composition of mixed agents, which are with 2-bromo-3,3,3-trifluoropropene and perfluorohexanone as the subject, have on the fire-extinguishing efficiency by the experimental study and kinetic simulation. Based on those, it is to analyze the synergistic effect of fire extinguishing, and then select the optimal combination of mixed agents that are highly efficient and without combustion enhancement phenomenon. Secondly, this project is to obtain the kinetic and thermodynamic data for the key reactions and important species, respectively, to construct the detailed chemical reaction mechanism and improve the existing combustion kinetic model by the pyrolysis experiments and theoretical calculations. Thirdly, on base of the improved combustion kinetic model, the kinetic simulation would be carried out to reveal the synergistic fire extinguishing mechanism of mixed agents through the sensitivity analysis and rate of production analysis for the important species and parameters. We hope that the implementation of this project could provide the theoretical basis and technical support to develop the new fire extinguishing agents, and design and exploit the fire extinguishing system of mixed agents.

哈龙灭火剂被禁止生产和使用后，2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯和全氟己酮因灭火高效、低臭氧消耗潜能值和低温室效应潜能值而倍受关注，正在世界范围内推广。但两者在贫燃条件下低浓度时的助燃现象，不利于火灾早期扑救，限制了使用。针对数据中心灭火系统的特殊需求，围绕两者的不足，本项目拟①通过实验研究和动力学模拟，研究添加剂类型和各组分配比对以2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙烯和全氟己酮为主的混合灭火介质灭火效能的影响，分析协同灭火效果，遴选灭火性能优异、无助燃现象的混合灭火介质；②通过热分解实验和理论计算，获得关键反应的动力学数据和重要物种的热力学数据，构建详细化学反应机理，完善现有的燃烧动力学模型；③基于完善的燃烧动力学模型，开展动力学模拟，通过对重要物种和参数的灵敏性分析和物种生成速率分析，揭示混合灭火介质的协同灭火机制。研究结果可为新型灭火介质的研发、混合介质灭火系统的设计和开发提供理论依据和技术支撑。

哈龙灭火剂因对臭氧层具有破坏作用而被禁止生产和使用，开发经济高效、环境友好性的洁净灭火介质成为了世界各国消防领域的重要挑战。2-溴三氟丙烯和全氟己酮等洁净化学灭火介质因臭氧破坏潜能值基本为零、灭火效率高、不导电等优异性能而备受关注，在世界范围内广泛推广使用。但两者在贫燃燃烧环境下低浓度添加时会产生助燃现象，不利于早期火灾的扑救。针对数据中心等电气火灾发生场所的灭火需求，围绕两者存在的不足，本项目借助实验研究、理论计算和动力学模拟，开展了具有典型分子结构灭火介质的详细灭火反应机理研究，获得了关键反应的动力学数据和重要物种的热力学数据，构建了详细化学反应机理，完善了现有的燃烧动力学模型；开展了混合灭火介质熄灭扩散和预混火焰的动力学模拟，分析了各组分灭火介质主要的化学和物理灭火或助研效果，揭示了混合灭火介质的协同灭火机制；开展了灭火介质的热解产物分析和熄灭正庚烷等火焰的临界灭火浓度实验，研究了混合灭火介质各组分配比对其协同灭火效果的影响，获取了无助燃现象的混合灭火介质的最佳浓度配比。本项目研究结果可为复合灭火介质灭火系统的设计和新型灭火介质的研发提供理论依据和技术支撑，对我国开发原创性哈龙替代灭火技术具有重大的理论介质和现实意义。项目成果在本领域著名期刊Combustion and Flame、Applied SurfaceScience等上发表SCI论文7篇、中文核心论文1篇；授权发明专利3项、实用新型专利1项、软件著作权1项，其中2项专利进行了专利转化；依托本项目与企业签订技术服务合同1项；协助指导硕士毕业生4名。

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