中国红菇属真菌资源多样性研究

The genus Russula is an important non-wood forest resource, with important economic and ecological value. The genus contains a large number of important economic fungi, such as Russula griseocarnosa and R. virescens. As ectomycorrhizal fungi, they play an important role in the forest ecosystem by forming mycorrhizal symbiosis with a variety of trees. At present, the challenges in study on Russula from China include: (1) many Russula are unidentified as similar species in North America and Europe and need to be clarified. (2) many new species remain to be discovered and described; (3) Lacking study on the infrageneric classification of Russula in China. This project will carry out phylogenetic analyses on data of ITS, LSU, RPB2 and mtSSU by Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian Inference and Maximum Parsimony, based on morphological and anatomical and ultrastructural studies. It will conduct a large scale resource investigation and sampling of Russula from China. The objective is to clarify the classification confusion and gain understanding of great diversity and geography distribution of Russula from China, as well as to revise infrageneric classification. This project will ultimately provide constructive guidance for better strategies on management and sustainability of forest ecosystem.

红菇属真菌为重要的林下非木质林产品资源，具有重要的经济及生态价值。该属含有大批的重要经济真菌，如大红菌，绿菇等；还可与多种林木共生形成外生菌根，在森林生态系统中起重要作用。目前我国在红菇研究中存在的问题是（1）诸多物种沿用了欧美相似种的名称，有待澄清；（2）许多新的物种资源有待发掘和描述；（3）缺乏对红菇属下分类系统研究。本项目拟在形态解剖和超微结构研究的基础上，利用ITS、LSU、RPB2和mtSSU等多基因片段通过最大似然法、贝叶斯推导及最大简约法等分析方法开展分子系统学研究，对我国红菇属真菌开展系统深入研究，澄清我国红菇属分类中的混乱，切实反映我国红菇属真菌的物种多样性、资源状况及分布特点，探讨该属真菌的系统亲缘关系，并对属下分类系统进行修订，为该属真菌资源的合理开发和可持续利用提供理论依据。