开发一种针对土木工程基础设施的自感知非线性超声波技术

Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is an integrated process of sensing, information technology and statistical inference used to ensure the safety and integrity of a structure and to provide early detection of critical damage. Within our society, there are increasing demands to adopt this technology for civil infrastructure monitoring and maintenance. The goal of this proposal is to develop a new nonlinear ultrasonic technique for autonomous and instantaneous fatigue crack detection. The proposed technique attempts to overcome the fundamental technical hurdles that have to be overcome before the nonlinear ultrasonic technique can be deployed for field SHM applications. The proposed technique can be made more attractive for field applications and further achieve more reliable damage diagnosis for civil infrastructure monitoring. Specific objectives of the project are (1) the development of a self-sensing nonlinear ultrasonic system, (2) the development of an instantaneous damage diagnosis algorithm, (3) lab-scaled tests for fatigue crack detection and (4) field bridge application. The proposed “self-sensing nonlinear ultrasonic technique” is a relatively new idea that is essential for developing an autonomous SHM system for “real-world” applications in the field. This technique offers a potential for a significant breakthrough in SHM practice via the integration of smart material sensing, ultrasonic wave propagation, signal processing and a statistical pattern recognition paradigm.

结构健康监测和无损测试技术融合了传感，信息技术和统计推断过程，被广泛用于确保结构安全性和完整性，提供结构关键损伤的早期探测和预警。当今社会，采用这一技术监测和保证基础设施安全的需求在不断增长。本申请项目的目的是开发一种新型自主和瞬时疲劳裂纹检测的非线性超声技术。所提出的技术试图克服非线性超声技术用于现场健康监测应用必须克服的根本技术壁垒。所提出的方法更适用于现场应用，并能进一步实现基础设施监控更可靠的损伤诊断。该项目的具体目标是：(1) 开发自感知的非线性超声系统, (2) 开发瞬时损伤诊断算法, (3) 疲劳裂纹检测实验室试验, (4) 现场桥梁应用。本申请提出的“自感知非线性超声技术”是一个相对较新的概念，也是开发适用于“现实世界”的领域的自主健康监测系统重要技术。该技术提供了一种通过将智能材料传感，超声波的传导，信号处理和统计模式识别范式一体化，实现结构健康监测实践中重大突破可能性。

作者团队开发了一种新型的带状PZT传感器系统（stripe-PZT sensor system），该系统的特点是：更加快速；传感器的安装更加统一化；将人为操作因素带来的误差最小化；更加适用于原位结构检测。

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