矽卡岩矿床碳酸岩围岩对矿山开采酸化过程的缓冲控制机制

The oxidation of sulphide minerals during the development of mineral resources will produce a large amount of acid mine drainage (AMD), which seriously threatens the ecological environment. The current research on AMD mainly focuses on the acid production and prediction of ores and tailings under laboratory conditions and the ex-situ remediation of AMD. However, there are less studies on AMD producing during mining and AMD buffering mechanism in primary geologic environment. This project will focus on the Dongguashan skarn deposit and its carbonate surrounding rocks, Tongling. Field survey, rock sample test, static soaking experiment, kinetic column leaching experiment, physical model experiment and solute reaction transport simulation will be used to achieve the research objectives. Acidification processes during the development of the skarn deposit and the acid control ability of carbonate surrounding rocks will be studied to illustrate the AMD buffering mechanism of the surrounding rocks in primary geologic environment. And then the model of AMD reaction transport in surrounding rocks will be established. Finally, this study will propose a quantification evaluation method to assess the buffering control of the surrounding rocks to acidification processes during the mining active. This research will reveal buffering mechanism of the primary geologic environment to AMD and fill the studies deficiency of AMD prevention and control in primary geologic environment. Also, the quantification evaluation method to assess the buffering control of the surrounding rocks to AMD will propose new ideas for ecological environmental protection and AMD prevention and control in analogous deposits.

矿产资源开发过程中含硫矿物氧化会产生大量酸性矿山废水（AMD），严重威胁区域生态环境。当前对AMD的研究主要集中于实验室条件下矿石和尾矿的产酸机理与预测及AMD异位修复技术，对原生地质条件下矿山开采过程中AMD的产生和原生地质环境缓冲AMD机制研究相对较少。本项目拟以铜陵冬瓜山矽卡岩矿床及其碳酸盐岩围岩为研究对象，通过野外实地调查、岩矿测试、浸溶实验、淋滤柱实验、物理模型实验、溶质反应运移模拟等研究方法，分析矽卡岩矿床开采中的产酸过程和碳酸盐岩围岩的控酸能力，阐明原生地质环境下围岩对AMD的缓冲机制，建立AMD在围岩中的反应运移模型，进而提出矽卡岩矿床碳酸盐岩围岩对矿山开采酸化过程缓冲控制的定量评价方法。本研究能够揭示矽卡岩矿床原生地质环境对AMD的缓冲控制机制，同时建立围岩缓冲控制AMD的定量评价方法，为区域生态环境保护和类似矿床的AMD防治研究提供新思路。

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