基因型多样性对外来植物入侵性的影响机制

Biological invasion of exotic plants is an important environmental issue, so it is important for us to study the invasion mechanism. Genotype diversity of plant population is the base of evolution, however there is not many studies about the effect of the genotypes diversity of exotic plant on invasiveness. We will compare the compensation strategy difference among different Erigeron annuus population genotype and genotype combination from Chinese and American after damage from natural enemy. Different sites respectively delegate invasive and native Erigeron annuus population genotypes. Following, we will study the interaction between different genotypes combination and native species, the tolerance ability to extreme environmental factors and invasiveness into native plant community of different invasional plant genotype diversity. In order to study the mechanisms underlying the effects of genotypic variation on invasion success of an exotic plant, we mainly do some experiments with the methods of greenhouse controlling experiments and molecular marker basing on experiment and analysis ecology theory. We will test these scientific hypothesises that "genotypes combination of invasive plant will increase the competition with native species" and "genotypes diversity of invasive plant will increase the invasiveness into native plant community including one species and many species". These results will provide some materials for plant population ecology and plant invasion ecoloy, which will offer some new approches for controlling some other exotic invasive plants.

外来植物入侵是全球面临的严重环境问题，研究外来植物入侵机制是生态学的重要命题。植物种群基因型多样性是其进化的基础，而关于基因型多样性对外来植物入侵性的影响机制缺乏深入研究。本项目主要以入侵地中国和原产地美国一年蓬种群不同基因型及本土种为研究对象，以实验生态学、比较生态学理论为基础，综合运用温室控制实验、分子标记等方法，研究入侵地和原产地一年蓬种群不同基因型及基因型组合受天敌伤害后的补偿效应差异，入侵植物种群不同基因型组合与本土种的种间关系，及种群不同基因型多样性抵御极端环境因子能力及入侵本土植物群落能力的差异，重点检验科学假说"入侵植物种群基因型组合提高其与本土种的竞争力"和"入侵植物种群基因型多样性提高其入侵本土植物群落的能力"，进而研究基因型多样性对外来植物入侵性的影响机制。该研究成果将为丰富植物种群生态学提供素材，也将对深入理解植物入侵及其入侵控制提供理论依据。

按照计划书已经完成了主要外来入侵植物如加拿大一枝黄花和香菇草种群不同地理区域采集实验材料，并鉴定基因型，以入侵植物不同基因型为研究对象，研究了不同基因型对不同环境的生长可塑性代价和限制，不同香菇草基因型组合对水淹环境的响应及温室气体排放的影响；研究了入侵植物种群不同基因型组合与本土种的种间关系，及种群不同基因型多样性入侵本土植物群落能力的差异，同时扩充了克隆性对外来植物入侵性的影响以及植物群落系统发育多样性比物种丰富度更有效评估群落的抵御力。重点检验科学假说"入侵植物种群基因型组合提高其与本土种的竞争力"和"入侵植物种群基因型多样性提高其入侵本土植物群落的能力"，进而研究基因型多样性对外来植物入侵性的影响机制。该研究成果将为丰富植物种群生态学提供素材，也将对深入理解植物入侵及其入侵控制提供理论依据。

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