基于振声耦合的高速铁路高架线轨道结构动力机理精细化分析

According to the characteristics of high-speed railway operation, this project foucses on the study of wheel-rail interaction transmission mechanism through the interfaces between different kinds of material, as well as on the vibro-acoustics coupling mechanism at the solid surface based on the field tests, laboratory test and theoretical analysis. The vibration transmission mechanical model of the interfaces between different types of materials and vibration-sound coupling mechanical model of solid-gas interface are established. The high-speed railway vehicle-track-viaduct spatial coupled vibration sound collaborative prediction model is thus established considering the macro-meso multi-scale effect. The validity of the model is verified through comparison with field test results. With this model, the distribution characteristics of high-speed railway environmental vibration and noise is studied systematically. The influence laws of the main parameters of the structures in the system on the vibration and noise propagation and mitigation are analyzed. Based on the multivariate optimization the integrated analysis, evaluation method is propsed for the high-speed railway environmental vibration and sound, and the tracks functioned with integrated vibration-noise reduction techniques are proposed for the joint control of environmental vibration and noise for high-speed railway viaduct zones.

针对高速铁路运营特点，本项目基于现场、室内试验及理论分析，深入研究轮轨耦合振动在各异质介质及交界面处的传递机制，以及各异质结构表面的振声耦合机制；建立多层异质结构间振动传递非线性力学模型以及固—气耦合界面的振声耦合物理模型；研究提出基于宏观—细观多尺度效应的高速铁路车辆—轨道—高架桥空间体系振动噪声一体化分析预测模型，并结合相关试验对所提出模型的可靠性进行验证；利用所建立的一体化分析模型，系统研究高速铁路环境振动、噪声的时空频域分布特性，分析系统主要敏感参数对于铁路环境振动、噪声传播及衰减的影响规律；基于多元优化提出高速铁路振动噪声一体化分析评估方法，提出适用于高速铁路高架线环境振动噪声联合控制的轨道结构减振降噪一体化技术。

针对高速铁路运营特点，本项目基于现场、室内试验及理论分析，深入研究轮轨耦合振动在各异质介质及交界面处的传递机制，以及各异质结构表面的振声耦合机制，研究提出基于宏观—细观多尺度效应的高速铁路车辆—轨道—高架桥空间体系振动噪声一体化分析预测模型，并结合相关试验对所提出模型的可靠性进行验证；利用所建立的一体化分析模型，系统研究高速铁路环境振动、噪声的时空频域分布特性，分析系统主要敏感参数对于铁路环境振动、噪声传播及衰减的影响规律，揭示了轨道结构振动与近场噪声弱相关、与远场噪声强相关的内在联系，并分析了轨道结构正常与不良状态下振动噪声在频域、时域及空间的分布特性，构建了基于振动噪声联合的轨道结构状态综合评价方法及指标，提出了钢弹簧浮置板结构的振动噪声一体化控制措施。在此研究基础上，研发了手持式轨道病害检测仪、移动加载检测小车，将在京沈高铁及城市轨道交通中进行验证及应用，研究成果可为高速铁路轨道结构服役状态评估、病害检测提供理论支撑和技术指导。

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