香樟林及其挥发物对心血管病患者的辅助治疗作用及机制研究

Nowadays, the predominant cause of mortality is the cardiovascular diseases (CADs) in China. However, the comprehensive therapy and prevention for this still lacks. The forest plays an important role on human health. Our previous studies indicated an effect of forest bathing on improving human health status, extremely on the patients with hypertension and heart failure. The detailed mechanisms regarding these effects remains largely unknown, though it was well speculated that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from trees are highly related. Camphor, the tree of Hangzhou city, who’s VOCs are mainly terpenoids, exerting various physiological activities. Thus it is interesting to investigate its influence on patients with CADs. In this study, the effect of a natural camphor forest on people with CADs will be evaluated after exposure to the forest environment in comparison to that of a unban area control. The environmental factors are constantly monitored, simultaneously. And the indicators for human health and CADs will be dynamically investigated by wearable devices and blood tests. Then this effect will be tested in different seasons and times. Furthermore, people with CADs will exposed to different concentrations of VOCs or negative oxygen ions to investigate which environmental factor is mainly related to such effect or what is the optimal combination of the two factors. Our work will provide the direct evidences for the therapeutic effect of Camphor on patients with CADs and its underlying mechanisms. Based on these findings, we will explore an evaluation system for the therapy potential oriented from forest and for the construction of healthy city.

心血管病是我国首位死亡原因，急需探讨综合防治方法。森林以其特殊的保健功效，对人类健康发挥着重要作用。我们前期研究表明森林浴能够显著改善人体健康状况，尤其对高血压和心衰患者具有良好的辅助治疗作用，但其发挥保健作用的物质基础及其作用机理尚不明确；同时发现杭州市市树香樟主要挥发物为萜烯类化合物，具有多种生理活性，然而其对心血管病的辅助治疗作用有待进一步阐明。本项目将以心血管病患者为研究对象，采用随机对照的研究方法，应用可穿戴设备结合其他心血管病相关理化指标检测，首先观察香樟林环境对心血管病患者的辅助治疗作用；其次研究香樟林环境发挥辅助治疗作用的最佳季节和适宜时段；最后，进行控制性试验研究不同浓度负氧离子或樟树挥发物及其不同浓度的组合对心血管疾病患者的改善作用，进而阐明香樟林辅助治疗心血管病的机制。本项目研究结果可以为森林保健功能的评价和优化开发提供标准和方法、也为健康城市的建设提供重要理论依据。

我们以老年高血压患者为研究对象，采用随机对照的研究方法，应用可穿戴设备结合其他心血管病相关理化指标，首先观察不同季节、不同时间段（上午和下午）的香樟林环境的辅助治疗作用；其次，研究不同浓度的负氧离子及樟树挥发物对受试者的不同影响；同时，我们与日本国际森林医学协会（INFOM）合作，开展了国内第一个国际合作的森林康养基地医学实证研究。最后，我们测定了不同季节的香樟林挥发物浓度和环境因子。我们的研究结果表明：1）春、夏、秋季的香樟林环境对老年高血压患者具有较好的辅助治疗作用（表现在降低舒张压、降低体内炎症水平）；而冬季香樟林环境对老年高血压患者不利（血压反而升高）；时间段方面，我们的研究结果提示上午和下午时间段没有显著差别。2）不同浓度的香樟挥发物（300g/m2，100g/m2，0g/m2）对受试者的血压、植物神经功能(HRV)、血氧饱和度（SpO2）、情绪状态等均没有统计学差别；暴露在浓度为10.961.35×1000个/cm3的负氧离子环境2个小时可以明显改善受试者的HRV（LF和LF/HF明显降低；HF明显升高）、并可以一定程度地降低血压（没有统计学差异）；而与对照组比较，暴露在浓度为低浓度（3.115 0.512×1000个/cm3）的负氧离子环境2个小时对受试者的血压、HRV、SpO2、情绪状态等均没有统计学差别。3）桐庐瑶琳国家森林公园的环境对老年高血压患者具有较好的辅助治疗作用。4）不同季节的香樟林挥发物浓度没有显著差异；而人体舒适度方面，冬季不利于开展森林浴。本项目研究结果为森林保健功能的评价和优化开发提供了标准和方法、也为健康城市的建设提供了重要理论依据。

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