宗教文化对少数民族群体参保意愿和行为影响机理研究- - 以宁夏回民参加城乡居民社会养老保险为例

This project is to carrriy out research on mechanism of religious cultural influence on insured willingness and behaviors of ethnic minorities group through literature collection, interview , questionare survey and data reduction, etc. We will draw advanced culture features of good social insurance participation willingness togother with positive insured behaviors from religious culture and hope to establish scientifical theory of social insurance participation to ensure the universal social insurance coverage. This project also has great significance of boosting minority's regions' development, eliminating poverty and building a harmonious society. With Islam as research background, this project uses Hui minority group as entry point to study and analyze national differences in terms of religion cultural influence on social insurance participation willingness and behavioral changes. Features: ①We study on mechanism of Islam influence on participation and behavior in social insurance of Hui and Han group based on the phenomenon that partipation rates and fee charge rates of two groups are significantly different.②Under the hard conditons that social insurance policies and religious provisions maintain stability, we will explore the possibility of intergrating the above two to jointly promote development. Innovations: ① We will extend the applications of behavioristic in social insurance to research on insured participation with mechanism of insured behavior changes and propose new theoritical supposition of it in the perspect of religion. ②We will set national features in religious culture as protential and observational variables for empirical analysis. Research results will provide theoritical support for minority areas to improve social insurance polices and measures.

在文献收集、访谈论证、问卷调查、数据整理等工作基础上，应用结构方程模型方法，开展宗教文化对少数民族群体参保意愿和行为影响机理的研究。从宗教文化中汲取良好的参保意愿和积极的参保行为的先进文化，建立科学的参保行为理论，确保实现社保广覆盖可持续目标任务，对加快民族地区发展，消除贫困，建立和谐社会具有重大意义。项目以回族群体为切入点，以伊斯兰教为背景，以宗教文化影响回民参保意愿和行为变化机理为主线分析民族差异。特色：①针对回民群体参保率、费用征缴率低于汉民群体的问题，研究伊斯兰文化对回民参保意愿和行为的影响机理。②在社保政策和宗教条律刚性条件下，探究二者相融、共促发展的可行性。创新：①在宗教视角下研究参保意愿和行为变化机理，提出建立参保行为理论构想，拓展了行为学在社保领域的应用。②将宗教文化中民族特征设为潜在、观测变量进行实证分析。成果将为民族地区完善社保政策和组织措施提供理论支持。

实现社保全覆盖是促进民族团结和顺、平等和谐发展的坚实基础。但在社保制度实施中不平衡、不持续问题在西部少数民族地区较为突出。主要表现在参保率低，缴费率低，中断缴费问题。解决少数民族地区社保覆盖不平衡不持续问题是一项亟需研究的重大课题。因此研究宗教文化对少数民族群体参保意愿和行为的影响机理，从宗教文化中提炼先进的文化，促进宗教信仰与参保意愿和行为融合，实现共同发展。.项目主要进行了两个方面的研究：（1）研究对回民群体参保意愿和行为有影响的宗教文化因素。（2）研究对回民群体参保意愿和行为有影响的个体因素，家庭因素，政策因素。.宗教传统文化如伊斯兰教“双世观”对回民群体参保行为具有负向影响。宗教消费对社会保障具有挤出效应，具有负向影响。加强对宗教教职人员管理和社保政策的宣传，对回民参保和缴费行为具有正向促进作用。经过回归分析，构建Logistic模型，得出子女数，参加宗教活动频率，宗教支出与缴纳社保费相比支出较大项目，对少数民族选择低档次缴费具有正向影响。而文化程度，对社保政策的了解度，对少数民族选择低档次缴费具有负向影响。.在少数民族地区宣传和贯彻社会保障政策，坚持社会保障政策公平、公正、效率、权力与义务对等原则。坚持维护宗教中国化的原则。形成社会保障观、科学宗教观的融合。将宗教文化中有利于促进社会保障制度和谐发展的先进文化融合到社保理念中，既是对社会保障理论的丰富和延伸，又是对宗教的社会功能的扩展。研究成果对完善社保政策具有重大的现实指导意义。

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