急倾斜走向长壁采场“顶板-煤柱-底板”链式结构稳定性理论研究

The longwall mining along strick of steeply inclined coal seam is a typical unloading engineering problem of inclined layered rock mass. Affected by inclined layer and excavation unloading, the constituent units of rock mass structure of surrounding rock in stope are diverse and relevant, which causes rock movement to be extremely complex and difficult to control in steeply inclined coal seam mining. Aiming at solving the scientific problems of stress transfer mode and route of surrounding rock, formation and catastrophe of R-P-F chain structure, disaster mitigation by chain scission in mining steeply inclined coal seams, a comprehensive research method combining unloading rock mass mechanics experiment, multi-dimensional physical simulation, multivariate numerical calculation, theoretical analysis and on-site testing is adopt in the project. The unloading mechanical characteristics of inclined layered rock mass is analyzed, the unloading equivalent mechanical model and unloading yield criterion of inclined layered rock mass are established, and the propagation attenuation mechanism and spatial morphological characteristics of stress between coal pillar and strata are revealed in mining steeply inclined coal seam. The equivalent conversion relationship between stress-strain and load-displacement of unloading layered rock mass are analyzed, the relational model and physical mechanics model of R-P-F chain structure are established and the formation mechanism of chain structure is revealed. The morphogenetic stages of catastrophic failure of R-P-F chain structure are quantified, the catastrophic mechanism of R-P-F chain structure and disaster mitigation by chain scission are revealed, which lay a theoretical foundation for safe and efficient mining steeply inclined coal seams.

急倾斜煤层走向长壁开采是典型的倾斜层状岩体开采卸荷工程问题，受倾斜层面效应和开挖卸荷效应影响，采场围岩“岩体结构”构成单元的多样性和关联性是形成该类煤层开采岩层运动异常复杂且难以控制的关键所在。针对急倾斜走向长壁采场围岩应力传递方式及路径、R-P-F链式结构形成、灾变及断链减灾机理等科学问题，项目采用卸荷岩体力学实验、多维物理相似模拟、多元数值计算、理论分析和现场监测相结合的综合研究方法，分析倾斜层状岩体卸荷力学特征，建立倾斜层状岩体卸荷等效力学模型和卸荷屈服准则，揭示急倾斜煤层开采“煤柱-岩层”应力传播衰减机理及空间形态特征；分析开采卸荷层状岩体应力-应变与载荷-位移间等效转换关系，建立急倾斜走向长壁采场R-P-F链式结构关系模型和物理力学模型，揭示链式结构形成机理；定量表征链式结构灾变形态阶段，揭示R-P-F链式结构灾变及断链减灾机理，为急倾斜煤层走向长壁安全高效开采奠定理论基础。

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