海底地形地貌信息高精度高分辨率快速获取理论与方法

A higher requirement in the accuracy, resolution and efficiency of obtaining information of seabed topography and relief is put forward with the enhancing activities of ocean resource exploiting and utilization, but the existing methods and technologies cannot meet well with the requirement, therefore it becomes necessary and urgent to carry out the relative research on the theories and methods..Firstly, The parametric inversion of varying side-scan sonar (SSS) towfish attitude and its influence model establishment are studied, the modeling approach based on the zoning match and nonlinear transformation is presented, which solves the rough positioning problem that puzzles SSS image quality for a long time and is difficult to eliminate, and the acquisition of high-accuracy image of seabed relief is fulfilled. Secondly, the inversion and constraint of 2-dimension (2-D) sonar image to 3-dimension (3-D) seabed topography are studied. A self-confinement inversion theory and the modeling method for constraining the inversion topography based on seabed spectrum characteristics are proposed, which solve the difficulty of expressing 2-D subtle geomorphic feature of the sonar image in form of 3-D, and high-resolution seabed topography is obtained. Finally, the fusion of the multibeam bathymetric system (MBS) snippet image and the revised SSS image, and the blend of MBS measuring topography and the inversion topography are studied, and the high-accuracy and high-resolution seabed topography and relief image are gotten quickly. .The research further explores the utilization potentialities of measuring information of existing MBS and SSS, forms a set of new theories and methods, and provides a new way to fast obtain high-accuracy and high-resolution information of seabed topography and relief.

不断深入的海洋资源开发和利用活动对海底地形地貌在精度、分辨率及获取效率方面均提出了更高的要求，而现有方法尚不能很好地满足这一需求，开展该方面理论和方法研究显得必要而迫切。.为此，首先研究侧扫声呐拖鱼时变状态参数反演及影响模型构建，提出基于分区匹配和柔性变换的建模方法，解决长期困扰图像质量且难以消除的位置不准问题，实现高精度海底地貌图像获取；其次，研究二维声呐图像到三维海底地形的反演和约束，提出基于自约束的反演理论和方法以及基于地形频谱特征的反演地形约束模型构建方法，解决二维声呐图像中精细地貌特征信息的三维表达难题，实现高分辨率海底地形的快速获取；最后，研究多波束图像和侧扫声呐校正图像融合方法、实测地形与反演地形融合方法，实现高精度、高分辨率海底地形地貌快速获取。.项目研究进一步挖掘现有设备测量信息应用潜力，形成一套新的理论和方法，为高精度、高分辨率海底地形地貌信息快速获取提供一种新的途径。

不断深入的海洋资源开发和利用活动对海底地形、地貌在精度、分辨率及获取效率方面均提出了更高的要求，而现有方法尚不能很好地满足这一需求。为此，项目开展了海底地形地貌信息高精度高分辨率快速获取的理论与方法研究。.主要研究内容和取得重要结果如下：.（1）开展了侧扫声呐拖鱼时变状态参数反演及影响模型构建方法研究，提出基于分区匹配和柔性变换的建模方法，解决了长期困扰图像质量且难以消除的位置不准问题，实现了高精度海底地貌图像的获取。.（2）研究了二维声呐图像到三维海底地形的反演和约束方法，提出了基于自约束的反演理论和方法以及基于地形频谱特征的反演地形约束模型构建方法，解决了二维声呐图像中精细地貌特征信息的三维表达难题，实现了高分辨率海底地形的快速获取。.（3）研究了多波束图像和侧扫声呐校正图像的融合方法和实测地形与反演地形的融合方法，实现了高精度、高分辨率海底地形地貌信息的快速获取。.项目研究取得了如下成果：.（1）给出了一套全新的海底地形地貌信息高精度高分辨率快速获取理论和方法，所得地貌图像的位置精度与测深相同；恢复的海底地形精度将传统测深精度提高了1.2-1.5倍，分辨率提高了20-100倍。.（2）在国内外刊物上发表论文30篇，其中SCI 17篇，EI 9篇，核心4篇。.（3）研制软件5套，1项经过软件测试获得测试证书；4项获得了软件著作权。.（4）荣获中国测绘学会科技进步特等奖1项，一等奖1项。.（5）培养并毕业6名硕士研究生和4名博士研究生。.（6）形成了完整的课题研究报告。

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