复杂高性能构件内表面功能涂层的热等静压制备机理与调控

The aerospace key components such as turbine disks are in a harsh service environment and are subject to multiple factors, which leads to severe challenges in terms of mechanical properties and surface properties. Therefore, high-performance integral forming technology is required for manufacturing, and functional coatings are required on the surface. However, after such components are integrally formed, it is difficult to prepare a functional coating on the surface of a complicated inner cavity by a conventional surface treatment method. To this end, the project proposes a new method of thermal isostatic pressing (HIP) integration to form complex high-performance components with functional coatings, to achieve the formation of complex high-performance components while completing the preparation of functional coatings on the inner surface. The project focuses on the two scientific problems of “co-diffusion and interface formation mechanism of dissimilar elements under high temperature and high pressure synchronization” and “coupling relationship and regulation mechanism of pre-coating state/HIP process and functional coating physical and chemical properties”. The evolution of the interface structure and physical and chemical properties of the coating and the formed member reveals the interaction mechanism between heat transfer and mass transfer between the coating and the formed member under multi-field coupling, and establishes the pre-coating state-hot isostatic pressing process- The mapping relationship between functional coating properties and the physical and chemical properties of functional coatings is proposed. The research results are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the preparation of functional coatings on hot isostatic pressing.

涡轮盘等航空航天关键构件服役环境苛刻，受多重因素耦合作用，导致其力学性能和表面特性同时面临着严峻的挑战，因而要求其制造需采用高性能整体成形技术，表面还需制备功能涂层。然而，此类构件整体成形后，采用传统的表面处理方法难以在其复杂内腔表面制备上功能涂层。为此，本项目提出热等静压（HIP）一体化形成具有功能涂层的复杂高性能构件的新方法，实现复杂高性能构件成形的同时完成内表面功能涂层的制备。项目围绕“高温高压同步作用下异种元素互扩散与界面形成机理”和“预涂层状态/HIP工艺与功能涂层理化性能的耦合关系和调控机制”两个科学问题，研究HIP高温高压作用下涂层与成形构件界面组织结构和涂层理化性能演变规律，揭示多场耦合作用下涂层与成形构件间的传热、传质交互作用机理，阐明预涂层状态和热等静压工艺对功能涂层性能的影响机制，提出功能涂层理化性能调控方法。研究成果有望为热等静压在线制备功能涂层提供理论基础。

涡轮盘等航空航天关键构件服役环境苛刻，受多重因素耦合作用，导致其力学性能和表面特性同时面临着严峻的挑战，因而要求其制造需采用高性能整体成形技术，表面还需制备功能涂层。然而，此类构件整体成形后，采用传统的表面处理方法难以在其复杂内腔表面制备上功能涂层。为此，本项目提出热等静压（HIP）一体化形成具有功能涂层的复杂高性能构件的新方法，实现复杂高性能构件成形的同时完成内表面功能涂层的制备。本项目主要研究内容与重要结果如下：（1）建立了粉末级配与径向/轴向收缩映射关系；（2）揭示了热等静压过程中压力传递受包套壁厚、材料屈服应力和泊松比等影响规律；（3）在钛合金表面制备厚度大约为150 μm的耐磨涂层，比无扩散层平均摩擦系降低了13.7%，磨损率降低了2.3倍；（4）成形直径130mm的航空航天缩比涡轮盘尺寸，热等静压成形件尺寸与目标尺寸最大误差为~0.3 mm。在执行期内，参加相关学术会议4次，并作会议交流报告；发表《Scripta Materialia》《Journal of Materials Science & Technology》等材料加工权威期刊论文11篇；申请发明专利5项；申请人获中国科协青年托举人才和湖北省百人计划，培养研究生4名。

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