沥青燃烧全相态物质变迁规律及靶向型阻燃体系构建

Asphalt concrete has been widely used in road tunnels. However, asphalt materials are flammable, the fire safety of asphalt has caused great concern. The complexity of asphalt compositions brings the difficulties in flame retardancy and smoke suppression. In this study, the key scientific problems including: the mechanism of gaseous products released in pyrolysis and composition transformation of condensed phase during combustion will be investigated from the sight of asphalt’s chemical structure. The all phase combustion characteristics of asphalt combustion will be investigated systematically by building the pyrolysis network model and dynamically analyzing the chemical structure of condensed phase. Targeting relationships between chemical structure and flame-retardant design will be established with the link of combustion characteristics of asphalt in both gas and condensed phase. A designable targeted asphalt flame-retardant system will be proposed to overcome the limitations of extensibility of traditional flame-retardant synergy. At last, the system will be optimized by the pavement performance analysis. The research can not only complete the understanding of combustion mechanism of asphalt binder, but also provide a scientific basis for guiding the quantitative design of flame retardant asphalt.

沥青作为隧道路面的重要铺装材料，由于具有易燃性，其火灾安全性备受关注。针对沥青组成复杂性带来的阻燃抑烟难题，本研究引入沥青化学结构分析视角，从热解气态产物释放机制与燃烧过程凝聚相演化特性两大关键科学问题出发，通过热解网络模型构建和凝聚相化学结构动态分析，系统获取沥青的全相态燃烧特性；并以气相和凝聚相的燃烧特性为纽带，构建起化学结构和阻燃设计间的靶向关系，从而突破传统阻燃复配协同外延性不明的局限，提出具有可设计性的靶向型沥青阻燃体系，并结合路用性能分析对该体系进行优化。研究不仅可完善对沥青燃烧机理的认识，也为指导沥青阻燃定量化设计奠定理论基础。