富氨基酸液体吸附剂制备及气体吸收中相变机理研究

Decreasing carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere is one of the biggest issue in the world. As one of the traditional carbon dioxide absorption technologies, liquid amine sorbents have the advantages of rapid absorption and high gas capture capacity. However, extensive energy consuming, equipment erosion and loss & oxidation of amine component are the problems in their usage. Therefore, developing advanced sorbents with low energy, low volatility and high absorption capacity has recently attracted extensive interesting, considering environment protection and energy saving. Amino acids offer several advantages including superior oxygen stability, low volatility, excellent biocompatibility as well as excellent carbon dioxide absorption capacity compared to low molecular amines. The goal of this proposal is to design and synthesize amino acid-enriched ionic liquid macromolecules, and form a novel aqueous carbon dioxide absorption system after combining with magnetic materials; phase change occurs during reacting with carbon dioxide, the macromolecules can be rapidly separated from liquid phase under magnetic field; after thermal desorption, the sorbent can be regenerated and reused. Due to the characteristics of amino acids, the sorbents will posses excellent stability, high absorption capacity and low volatility, and meanwhile the adsorption system will present extensively decreased energy consuming due to phase change and therefore less solvents (water) in the sorbent regeneration.

减小二氧化碳在大气中的排放是世界各国关注的焦点话题之一。作为传统的二氧化碳吸收技术，液体胺体系具有气体吸收快，吸收效率高的优良特性，然而困扰其应用的主要问题是：能耗大，设备腐蚀，胺物质氧化与挥发。从环境保护和节约能源角度考虑，开发出低能耗、低挥发、高吸附的吸附剂成为研究者近年来致力发展的方向。与低分子胺相比，氨基酸具有超强的氧化稳定性、低挥发性、良好的生物相容性，并具有相当优良的二氧化碳吸收效能。本项目目标是设计、合成富氨基酸的离子液体大分子，并将其与磁性材料复合后形成一种新型的水溶剂二氧化碳捕获体系；这种大分子与二氧化碳反应发生相分离，可在磁场下从液相中迅速分离;热脱附后可再生并重新使用。基于氨基酸的特性，这种材料具有良好热稳定性、高吸收性以及低挥发性；同时，因为相分离，该吸附体系将很大程度减少吸附剂再生过程中溶剂（水）的质量，从而能降低能耗。

从环境保护和节约能源角度考虑，开发出低能耗、低挥发、高吸附的吸附剂成为研究者近年来致力发展的方向。本项目设计、合成一类富氨基酸的离子液体小分子与大分子吸收剂，并将大分子吸收剂与磁性材料复合，形成一种新型的水溶剂二氧化碳捕获体系；这种大分子与二氧化碳反应发生相分离，能在磁场下能从液相中迅速分离;热脱附后可再生并重新使用。基于氨基酸的特性，这种材料具有高吸收性以及再生吸收能力；同时，因为相分离，该吸附体系将很大程度减少吸附剂再生过程中溶剂（水）的质量，从而能降低能耗。该吸收剂可能成为现有工业CO2液体吸收材料的优良代替品。

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