尾部神经分泌系统与海洋底栖鱼类适应伏底生活的关联性研究

Every existing organism has characteristics of morphology, physiology and behavior that are compatible with the environment; this environmental adaptability is a long-term result of natural selection. Caudal neurosecretory system as part of the stress system is an essential neuroendocrine structure for environmental adaptation, unique to fish. This project will study the relationship between fish caudal neurosecretory system and benthic life adaptation, and relevant biological mechanism by using integrated biological research methodology. In order to discover the correlation between the development of caudal neurosecretory system and juvenile settlement, systematic study of the development of caudal neurosecretory system will be carried out in the benthic and pelagic fish, the developmental progress from the Dahlgren cell and nerve fiber occurred to urophyses formation will be recorded, the changes in larval swimming behavior will be also observed and compared; In order to reveal the differences of caudal neurosecretory system between benthic and pelagic fish, differences in morphology, Dahlgren cells distribution, hormone secretion and gene expression of caudal neurosecretory system will be compared; individual differences in caudal neurosecretory system between active and inactive Japanese flounder will also be compared; In order to understand the role of caudal neurosecretory system in benthic life adaptation, the effect of the lack of secretory function of the caudal neurosecretory system on the sea floor resting behavior will be monitored, the effect of caudal neurosecretory system hormone on the performance of skeletal muscle will also be determined.

现存的每一种生物，都具有与环境相适应的形态结构、生理特征及行为，这种环境适应性是长期自然选择的结果。尾部神经分泌系统作为应激系统的一部分，是鱼类适应环境的关键。本项目将应用整合生物学方法，研究鱼类尾部神经分泌系统与适应伏底生活的关系及生物学机理。系统地研究伏底和中上层鱼类尾部神经分泌系统从Dahlgren细胞和神经纤维的发生到尾垂体的形成的整个过程，观察比较幼体游泳行为变化，寻找与幼体伏底过程的关联性；比较伏底和中上层鱼类成鱼的尾部神经分泌系统在形态结构和Dahlgren细胞的分布、荷尔蒙分泌和基因表达上的差异，确定伏底和中上层鱼类尾部神经分泌系统之间的差别；筛选牙鲆游泳行为差异个体，比较它们尾部神经分泌系统的差别；研究尾部神经分泌系统分泌功能的缺失对伏底行为的影响和尾部神经分泌系统分泌物对骨骼肌收缩能力的影响，初步探讨尾部神经分泌系统分泌的荷尔蒙在伏底行为中的作用。

现存的每一种生物，都具有与环境相适应的形态结构、生理特征及行为，这种环境适应性是长期自然选择的结果。尾部神经分泌系统作为应激系统的一部分，是鱼类适应环境的关键。本项目将应用整合生物学方法，研究鱼类尾部神经分泌系统与适应伏底生活的关系及生物学机理。系统地研究伏底和中上层鱼类尾部神经分泌系统从Dahlgren细胞和神经纤维的发生到尾垂体的形成的整个过程，观察比较幼体游泳行为变化，发现尾部神经分泌系统形成与鲆鲽鱼类幼体伏底时间和过程相吻合；通过进一步比较伏底和中上层鱼类成鱼的尾部神经分泌系统在形态结构和Dahlgren细胞的分布、荷尔蒙分泌和基因表达上的差异，发现伏底和中上层鱼类尾部神经分泌系统在激素分泌上存在差别；通过筛选牙鲆游泳行为差异个体，对其活波和不活波个性与生理特性进行了研究，比较它们尾部神经分泌系统的差别，发现牙鲆活泼个体尾部神经分泌系统与中上层鱼类更相似；证明了这种活波性状具有一定的遗传性，且初步探明尾部神经分泌系统分泌的荷尔蒙的调控机制和运动调控作用。

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