准球形丝阵内爆动力学过程理论研究及优化设计

Quasi-spherical wire-array Z-pinch, which compresses the plasma in three dimensions, can increase the central plasma energy density, improve the utilization efficiency of dynamic energy, and reduce the difficulty of realizing thermal nuclear fusion ignition. It is a hot and difficult topic that how the pinch plasma can implode in our anticipated manner. The quasi-spherical wire-array implosion process is determined by the current waveform, the initial array parameter, the electrode structure, the geometry of the magnetic field and so on. It is necessary to analyze the influence of these factors and perform elaborate optimization in order to obtain ideal quasi-spherical implosion. Based on the multi-element model verified by existed wire-array experimental data, this project will investigate the implosion dynamics of the quasi-spherical wire arrays and optimize the structural factors that influence the implosion dynamics, in order to obtain certain final plasma with anticipated distribution and considerable kinetic energy. Besides, the multi-element model will be developed to include some more physical factors that influence the implosion process, such as the ablation process of the wire array and the current carried by the precursor plasma. The primary optimization results will be corrected by the generalized multi-element model. This project will mainly take the theoretical simulation method which is closely related to existed experimental results. The investigation in this project will improve our understanding about the quasi-spherical wire-array implosion, and provide useful reference for the design of future experiments and Z-pinch driven inertial confinement fusion.

准球形丝阵Z箍缩能实现等离子体三维压缩，提高负载中心区等离子体能量密度及能量利用效率，降低热核聚变点火难度。如何实现准球形丝阵Z箍缩等离子体理想位形内爆是当前研究的热点与难点。准球形丝阵内爆过程由驱动电流波形、丝阵初始参数、负载区磁场构型、电极结构等决定，为得到理想内爆效果需对这些因素分析研究并进行优化设计。 本课题拟采用多质点薄壳模型模拟研究准球形丝阵内爆动力学过程，并对影响准球形丝阵内爆过程的负载结构因素进行合理优化设计，以得到具有预期位形分布且具有较高动能的终态等离子体。此外，通过发展多质点模型，考虑丝阵消融、先驱等离子体分流等实际过程中存在的物理因素对等离子体内爆过程及效果的影响，对初步负载结构优化结果进行修正。本课题主要采用理论模拟方式并密切结合已有实验结果，深化理解准球形丝阵内爆动力学过程，并为将来准球形丝阵实验设计及Z箍缩驱动惯性约束聚变方案设计提供依据。

准球形丝阵Z 箍缩能实现等离子体三维压缩，提高负载中心区等离子体能量密度及能量利用效率，降低热核聚变点火难度。如何实现准球形丝阵Z 箍缩等离子体理想位形内爆是当前研究的热点与难点。准球形丝阵内爆过程由驱动电流波形、丝阵初始参数、电极结构、负载区磁场构型等决定，为得到理想内爆效果需对这些因素分析研究并进行优化设计。.针对以上情况，本项目提出合理的模型对准球形丝阵Z 箍缩动力学行为进行研究，通过理论分析和数值模拟得到丝阵Z 箍缩内爆等离子体的动力学参数，包括内爆轨迹、内爆速度、界面形状变化等，并把理论计算结果与实验结果进行比较，检验模型的可靠性。在对准球形丝阵Z 箍缩动力学行为细致全面了解的基础上，对负载参数进行优化来获得更高的Z 箍缩内爆动能和内爆均匀性。此外，本项目还研究了电极与回流罩结构、先驱电流分流、初始质量分布对准球形内爆结果的影响。本项目的研究为后续准球形电磁内爆优化实验开展建立了基本方法及设计理论依据，并且为后续准球形动态黑腔模拟研究提供初步的能量加载输入条件。

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