基于One Health理念建立动物职业暴露人群流感监测体系的研究

We plan to construct an influenza surveillance system in animals exposed occupational population regarding to relationship among population, animals and environment based on One Health concept. We select poultry and pig exposed occupational population in different procedure sites of raising animals(e.g.free-range and industrialized farm), sales(e.g. wholesales and retails), transportation, slaughtering sites, processing workshop and regularly sample the specimens of occupational population(e.g.throat swab and blood),animals(e.g.throat swab, cloacal swab and blood) and environment(e.g.swab and bioaerosol) to test the influenza virus and collect information to construct an sentinel active surveillance system. Construct an routine monitoring system on Influenza Like Illness(ILI) and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection(SARI) cases in poultry and pig occupational population. Concentrate surveillace technology and power of different departments to obtain the current avian influenza and swine influenza infection status in occupational population and analyze the risk factors in animal and environment contaminated with influenza virus. Construction of an inflenza surveillance system in our study which directly point to animal occupational populatin, would be different from which based on hospitals. Our objective is to detect emerging zoonosis (e.g.the noval influenza virus) earlier by monitoring the high risk group who directly exposed to the suspicious animals , send out an early warning , and provide a reference of prevention and control of zoonosis in animal occupational population.

按照ONE HEALTH理念和方法，从人群、动物、环境的角度出发，选择禽类和猪只养殖（散养和集中养殖）、销售（批发和零售）、运输、屠宰、加工等不同环节的职业暴露人群，通过定期收集从业人员（咽拭子、血标本）、动物（咽拭子、泄殖腔拭子、血标本）及环境（包括涂抹拭子、气溶胶等）样本和相关信息，开展禽流感和猪流感病毒调查和检测的哨点主动监测；并依托广州市网络直报系统对禽类和猪相关职业暴露人群开展以流感样病例(ILI)和严重急性呼吸道感染病例(SARI)为主的日常常规监测，综合多部门的监测能力，及时掌握职业暴露人群的禽流感和猪流感感染情况，并分析与动物、环境中流感病毒污染情况的关系和存在相关危险因素，建立有别于目前以医院为哨点，而直接针对动物职业暴露人群的流感监测系统，将监测关口前移，达到新发人兽共患疾病，尤其是新型流感病毒早期预警的目的，为建立动物职业人群的人兽共患病监测体系奠定基础。

本研究基于One Health 理念和方法，从人群、动物、环境角度出发，选择禽类和猪养殖、销售、运输、屠宰、加工等不同环节的职业暴露人群，通过定期收集从业人员、动物及环境样本和相关信息，开展甲型禽流感病毒的调查和主动监测。并依托广州市网络直报系统对禽类和猪相关暴露人群开展以流感样病例（ILI）和严重急性呼吸道感染病例（SARI）为主的常规监测，综合多部门的监测能力，及时掌握职业暴露人群的禽流感和猪流感的感染状况，并分析与动物、环境中流感病毒污染情况的关系和存在的相关危险因素，建立有别于目前以医院为哨点，而直接针对动物职业暴露人群的流感监测系统，将监测关口前移，达到新发人兽共患疾病，尤其是新型流感病毒早期预警的目的，为建立动物职业暴露人群的人兽共患病监测体系奠定基础。.本项目共采集从业人员血液标本862份，对照人群血清232份；动物（禽类和猪）分泌物866份，环境样本1616份，气溶胶859份；血清样本开展了血凝抑制和微量中和实验，其他类型的标本采用了PCR技术，病毒分离培养和二代测序。.主要检测结果为禽类环境和分泌物标本甲型流感核酸阳性率是23.9%，零售市场的阳性率（51.2%）最高，批发市场（30.3%）次之。禽类养殖和批发、零售环节的从业人员血清抗体阳性率分别是5.2%、8.3%和12.8%。猪环境和气溶胶样本甲型流感核酸阳性率3.09%。.本课题主要成果是参与课题研究的2名硕士研究生完成以课题为基础的毕业论文答辩，已经发表SCI2篇，中文文章6篇，还有1篇英文文章在投。

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