具有独立弹性与感应网络的热塑性硫化胶应变敏感特性的高效调控机制

Strain sensing materials have widely existed drawbacks such as difficult balance of elastic network and strain sensing networks, narrow range and difficulty to control gauge factor (GF), which have greatly restricted their further development. This project aims to construct independent elastic and carbon nanotube (CNT) strain sensing network of CNTs filled thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPV) via tailoring the thermodynamic and kinetic factors. The preparation technology of GF high-efficiency control of TPV can be obtained by morphology control of the double-particle networks with controlling the shearing, breaking and combining process control of dispersed rubber phase. The relationship of the double networks and GF can be illustrated by the systematic experimental research. And the finite element method will be employed to analyze the theoretical relation between the microstructure and the deformation evolution with the strain loading, which will furthermore illuminate the efficient control mechanism of GF. The high-performance strain sensing materials with efficient control of GF can be obtained via constructing the independence elastic network and strain sensing network structure, which will also play a synergistic effect of the excellent properties. The successful implementation of this project will expand the application of TPV in strain sensing material field and play an important role in the theoretical and experimental foundation for the design of high-performance TPV materials and strain sensors.

针对应变敏感共混物存在的弹性网络与应变感应网络相互制约、难以平衡、应变敏感因子（GF）调控范围窄、调控困难的问题，拟以热塑性硫化胶（TPV）为研究对象，结合热力学与动力学设计，将碳纳米管（CNTs）均匀分布于塑料基体中，构建独立的弹性与应变感应网络结构；通过调控动态硫化过程中橡胶的剪切与破碎过程，实现TPV中双网络结构的有效调控，获得应变敏感TPV材料GF的高效调控技术与方法。通过实验研究TPV材料中双网络结构与GF调控之间的影响规律。通过有限元模拟阐明TPV材料微观结构与基体形变间的定量关系，明确GF高效调控的机制。利用橡胶弹性网络与CNTs应变感应网络结构独立与性能协同的特点，实现GF可高效调控的高性能应变敏感TPV材料的制备。本项目的研究有助于拓展TPV在应变敏感材料领域的应用，为高性能TPV与应变敏感材料的结构设计提供理论与实验依据。

本项目针对传统应变传感材料制备复杂、应变量小及结构-性能调控困难等问题，采用动态硫化技术制备具有应变传感特性的热塑性硫化胶（TPV），相比已有的成果TPV具有独立应变传感与橡胶弹性的双网络结构，为制备简单，应变敏感因子（GF）可高效调控的高性能应变敏感TPV材料的制备提供有力的技术支持。具体来说，研究成果主要涉及以下三个方面: 1. 针对TPV中微纳橡胶粒子网络的形成与调控，研究了不同加工外场及动态硫化硫化过程中不同橡塑体系TPV中微纳橡胶粒子网络的形成、演变过程及其微观结构与性能之间的关系，获得TPV中微纳橡胶粒子网络的形成条件与关键调控因素；2. 针对TPV中双网络结构的形成与调控，通过多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）的选择性分布与动态硫化反应的控制与匹配，构建了结构独立与性能协同的橡胶粒子弹性网络与MWCNTs应变感应网络结构，实现橡胶粒子网络与MWCNTs应变感应网络的结构调控与性能优化，获得了实现TPV应变传感特性高效调控的加工设计规律；3. 针对TPV应变敏感特性高效调控，通过改变橡塑组成比，调控TPV动态硫化过程中的剪切破碎过程，进一步改变橡胶分散相的尺寸以及其粒子间的塑料基体层的厚度，来实现MWCNTs导电网络致密度的调控，进一步实现其应变敏感特性的高效调控。基于以上研究成果，项目组在Composites Science and Technology、Composite Structures等国内外学术期刊发表论文8篇，被SCI收录8篇（其中JCR一区论文2篇），获得发明专利授权1项。

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