西北干旱生态脆弱区地下水生态与资源功能区划阈识别

The environment in the arid and semi-arid basin of northwest China is quite fragile, oasis and wetlands are related closely with groundwater level depth. Groundwater is the major resource for domestic and agriculture using as well. In the past 30 years, the over-exploitation of groundwater and ecological degradation has attracted close attention. How to identify and establish regional indicator threshold of groundwater ecological-resource function in northwest ecologically fragile region? How to divide ecological-resource predominant functional section accurately? The solution can be a case of important information for groundwater overdraft and ecological degradation..The program set Shiyang river basin as main study area, based on the groundwater circulation process and mechanism of groundwater ecological function, finding and identifying the balance state or indicator threshold between ecological protection and resource exploitation. At the same time, reveal and determine the regional division threshold of groundwater ecological-resource function towards a reasonable management control goal. The research will provide scientific basis for groundwater exploitation and ecological function conservation in ecologically fragile region of Northwest China..Characters and innovation of this study: base on identifying the regional division indicators of groundwater ecological-resource function in northwest arid ecologically fragile region to reveal the balance state and formation mechanism of groundwater exploitation and ecological function protection, establishing a set of threshold indicator system for groundwater conservation which is suitable and effective in ecologically fragile region of Northwest China.

西北内陆干旱半干旱区生态环境十分脆弱，绿洲湿地对浅层地下水（潜水）埋藏状况具有依赖性；同时，地下水又是当地生活和工农业用水的重要水源。近30年来该区地下水超采与生态退化加剧，引起国家高度重视。如何界定和建立西北生态脆弱区地下水的生态功能与资源功能识别阈指标，精准圈定地下水生态与资源的主导功能区，是解决该区地下水超采与生态退化的重要依据，亟待科学研究。.本研究以石羊河流域平原区为重点研究区，以流域水循环过程和地下水生态功能形成机制为突破点，侧重地下水开发与生态保护的均衡点和不同功能区管控阈指标研究，揭示合理管控目标下地下水生态与资源功能区划的评判阈指标，为西北生态脆弱区地下水合理开发与生态功能保护提供科学依据。.本研究特色：立足于破解西北干旱生态脆弱区地下水生态与资源功能区之间识别阈，揭示地下水开发与生态功能保护之间均衡点和形成机制，创建适宜我国西北生态脆弱区地下水功能保护的评判指标体系。

西北内陆干旱半干旱区生态环境十分脆弱，绿洲湿地对浅层地下水埋藏状况具有依赖性；同时，地下水又是当地生活和工农业用水的重要水源。本研究以石羊河流域为重点研究区，以流域水循环过程和地下水生态功能形成机制作为突破点，收集近20年气象、地下水、遥感等资料，开展研究区全流域的野外地下水－生态原位观测、室内实验，采用综合指数法、层次分析法和序列综合法等数理统计方法，依托ArcGIS技术平台，对西北干旱生态脆弱区地下水超采与生态退化问题进行深入研究。通过近三年项目的研究，取得以下进展：① 阐明了研究区地下水超采、地表植被现状与时空演化规律；② 揭示了流域生态退化对地下水超采的响应与机理；③ 建立了西北干旱生态脆弱区地下水功能区划的属性指标体系及识别阈。

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