新企业商业模式调适的过程、驱动因素及绩效作用机制研究

To explore the growth of new ventures in perspective of business model theory is a new and promising tendency in the field of new venture growth studies. This line of research emphasizes the significance of exploring and constructing a feasible business model for new ventures in order to get sustainable existence and growth. Although authors consider dynamic adaptation as a common path in developing a viable business, extant literature concerns a lot about the role of adaptation in venture growth by cross-sectional approaches while cares little about longitudinal adaptation processes. In response to such an unsatisfactory situation, the aim of this study is to make a solid and useful step to promote the study of such adaptation issues in new ventures by using a business model adaptation (BMA) lens. Under the direction of a preset theoretical framework based on extant literature, this study plans to conduct a research via combination of real-time and retrospective case studies, along with the combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies as well, in order to test BMA in new ventures and get further insights about the basic rules underlying this interesting phenomenon. The procedure is as follows. First, the study plans to employ the case study method to construct a theory of BMA process by careful and intensive field studies. Second, to identify the various interacting driving forces in the process of BMA and their driving mechanisms in the stage of case study. Third, to apply the questionnaire survey method in order to test main findings in the case study and subsequently look into precision improvement of the BMA process theory, and at the same time to develop and empirically test the implications of key dimensions of BMA for venture performance while considering the adapting effect of some key moderators, and finally, to put forward the new venture BMA strategy on basis of such above theoretical research, which is to be utilized in inspiring the practice of entrepreneurs who want to promote their ventures in a more successful way.

基于商业模式理论探讨新企业成长行为是近年新企业成长研究领域的一个新取向。该取向强调探索并建立可行商业模式对于新企业成长的重要意义。但从文献看，尽管学者们强调动态调适是建立可行商业模式的基本途径，现有研究却多横断地探讨调适在新企业成长中的作用，缺乏对调适过程应有的关注。本项目以商业模式调适（BMA）为视角，构建"驱动因素-BMA-绩效"的整合框架，采取回溯式访谈与实时案例动态跟踪相结合、质化与量化研究相结合的思路，探究新企业BMA过程规律及其绩效作用机制，从纵、横两方面挖掘新企业绩效差异的深层来源。具体思路是，首先运用案例研究构建包括动力机制在内的BMA过程理论。其次根据案例研究结果，一方面推演假设并利用大样本数据验证模型有效性，另一方面开发可能对绩效产生关键影响的BMA维度，在考虑重要调节变量的基础上，探讨不同维度对新企业绩效的作用机制。最后，基于理论研究提出新企业BMA策略，应用于实践。

基于新企业成长过程及其商业模式构建与调适是一个共生演化过程的认知，本课题运用商业模式理论探究新企业成长过程与组织适应行为。现有文献强调新企业探索并建立可行商业模式以及对商业模式进行动态调适之于新企业成长的重要意义，却缺乏对调适过程机制应有的关注。本项目运用商业模式调适的视角，综合运用整合文献分析、多案例研究、实证研究等多种方法，以商业模式调适过程、驱动调适行为的因素与机制、以及商业模式调适的绩效影响这一逻辑展开研究，对新企业的商业模式调适问题进行了探究。多案例研究发现新企业商业模式调适过程的三个子过程，以及驱动不同子过程转换的两组驱动因素与驱动机制。在此基础上对商业模式调适的绩效影响进行了实证研究。课题研究发现不仅有助于深入理解新企业成长过程规律，也有助于从过程视角挖掘新企业绩效差异的深层来源。课题的研究结论对于创业者管理新企业的商业模式调适过程，进而对于指导新企业成长实践，也具有重要价值。

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