复杂组分化石燃料与可再生燃料能量品位的热力学基础研究

Recently, the energy grade characterization of fossil fuels and renewable fuels with complex compositions is rarely studied, and the basic thermodynamic data is much scarce, which is not good for the effective use of fuels. This project will reveal the energy grade characteristics of fossil fuels and renewable fuels on the basis of the second law of thermodynamics..Firstly, the typical representative of solid and liquid fossil fuels and renewable fuels with complex compositions were selected, and then the chemical composition of fuel was studied by means of experimental instruments. Based on the standard exergy, standard enthalpy and chemical compositions of fuels, the theory was also studied to connect the element composition and the energy and energy grade characteristic of fuels. What’s more, the calculation models were explored to illustrate the correlation theory. Finally, the data of standard enthalpy, standard exergy and standard energy grade of a series of conventional fuels could be obtained, such as low rank coal, shale oil, cellulosic fuel, biomass fuel, garbage, biogas and so on. The energy and energy grade analysis of typical energy system was carried out consequently..This project is expected to provide the data and methodology basic support for the development of complex composition fuels in the frontier of Engineering Thermodynamics, and for the sustainable utilization of fuels and the diversification of energy supply side structure during the period of 13th Five-Year in China.

目前，复杂组成的化石燃料与可再生燃料的能量品位表征仍是学术空白，相关基础热力学性质数据十分匮乏，制约了燃料的高效利用。本项目将从热力学第二定律的角度揭示化石燃料与可再生燃料的能量品位特征。.首先，确定典型液固均相复杂组成化石燃料与典型可再生燃料的代表物，结合实验数据获得其化学构成信息。基于燃料所含元素的标准㶲、标准焓以及其化学构成信息，研究燃料的元素组成对燃料能量性质与品位性质的关联规律，并探索模型化新方法。最终，基于本研究燃料的标准能量与品位模型，提出一系列常规燃料的标准焓、标准㶲和标准能量品位的数据。例如低阶煤、页岩油、纤维素燃料、生物质燃料、垃圾和沼气等；并据此开展典型能量系统的能量分析与品位分析。.本项目的预期成果有望为复杂组成燃料在工程热物理以及热力学学科相关前沿的发展，为我国十三五期间燃料的绿色利和能源供给侧结构的多元化等方面，提供数据与方法学的基础支撑。

目前，复杂组成的化石燃料与可再生燃料的能量品位表征仍是学术空白，相关基础热力学性质数据十分匮乏，制约了燃料的高效利用。.本项目从热力学第二定律的角度研究了化石燃料与可再生燃料的能量品位特征。.首先开展了复杂燃料标准能量品位性质的模型化研究。明确了若干复杂燃料的代表物（系）；基于194种燃料代表物，提出了复杂燃料的标准焓、标准㶲和标准能量品位等性质的数学模型，覆盖气液固3种相态，平均相对偏差<2%，优于5种文献模型。.其次，开展了复杂燃料化学构成与热化学等性质研究。对一系列化石燃料（5×5次）与可再生燃料（8种类），实验获得工业分析、元素分析、以及热化学性质等基础数据，总结方便实施的有效测试分析方法；并以测试数据为模板，实施燃料标准品位分析的案例应用。.最后，开展了燃料性质的数据库与能量品位应用分析。建立194种燃料代表物的基础热力学数据库；基于本项目提出的模型，建立了39种未来燃料的标准焓、标准㶲和标准能量品位的数据库；并据此开展典型能量系统（芳烃分离）的能量特性分析与品位分析。.本项目成果有望为复杂燃料在工程热物理以及热力学学科相关前沿的发展，为我国燃料绿色高效利用、能源供给侧结构改革和产业碳中和实施方案等方面，提供数据与方法学的基础支撑。

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