基于抑制粘土矿物膨胀水化的煤泥水调控机理研究

Clay minerals have been considered as the main factors which deteriorate the effect of the slime water treatments, and how to achieve efficient settlement and dewatering is one of the primary problem that coal processing industry has to face. Unlike the traditional coal slime water treatments as hardness adjusting and drug adding, weakening the clay minerals'hydrous disintegration which can decrease the possibility of gelatinizing of coal slimeso that the slime will be destablized,is emphasized to be the start to sovle the problem of the difficulty for slime water settlement, and the synergicly acting mechanism of settlement and filter-press will be also identified. This project takes the coal associated clay minerals as the investigatedsubject, which can affect the coal particles settlement and the pressure filtration. A variety of settlement experiments will be conducted to identifythekey mineralsthat affect the slurry water treatment, establish the theory of the clay mineral expansion hydrationdepressed, and build themapping relation between the content of clay mineral and agent dosage. The pre-sentencedevaluation system will be established by the pressure filtration experiments, according to the coal particle size distribution, the content of clay mineral, ash etc.. The system technology adapt to the different content of clay mineral will be established, and the process parameters and the agent dosage system will be optimized.

粘土矿物一直被认为是恶化煤泥水处理效果的主要因素，如何实现煤泥水高效沉降脱水是困扰选煤行业的主要难题之一。与调节水质硬度、添加药剂的常规煤泥水处理方法不同，本课题强调从抑制粘土矿物膨胀水化入手，降低煤泥形成胶体的机率，从而使煤泥脱稳，解决煤泥水沉降难的问题，同时加强沉降和压滤的协同作用机理研究。本项目以煤系伴生矿物中影响煤颗粒沉降和压滤的粘土矿物为研究对象，通过沉降实验确定影响煤泥水处理的关键粘土矿物种类，建立抑制粘土矿物膨胀水化理论，构建粘土矿物含量与不同类药剂量的映射关系；通过压滤实验建立依据煤颗粒粒度分布、粘土矿物含量、灰分等指标综合预判压滤效果的评价体系；建立适合不同粘土矿物含量的系统工艺，优化工艺参数及药剂制度。

粘土矿物一直被认为是恶化煤泥水处理效果的主要因素，如何实现煤泥水高效沉降脱水是困扰选煤行业的主要难题之一。与调节水质硬度、添加药剂的常规煤泥水处理方法不同，本课题强调从抑制粘土矿物膨胀水化入手，降低煤泥形成胶体的机率，从而使煤泥脱稳，解决煤泥水沉降难的问题，同时加强沉降和压滤的协同作用机理研究。本项目以煤系伴生矿物中影响煤颗粒沉降和压滤的粘土矿物为研究对象，通过沉降实验确定了影响煤泥水处理的关键粘土矿物种类，构建了粘土矿物含量与不同类药剂量的映射关系；通过压滤实验建立了依据煤颗粒粒度分布、粘土矿物含量、灰分等指标综合预判压滤效果的评价体系；建立了适合不同粘土矿物含量的系统工艺，优化工艺参数及药剂制度。取得了如下结论：.1)确定了影响煤泥水沉降和压滤的最主要粘土矿物-蒙脱石。实验结果表明,蒙脱石对煤泥沉降和压滤的负面影响比高岭石大的多,高岭石对煤泥水的沉降和压滤负面影响相对较小。.2）提出了从改变粘土矿物结构性能来解决其快速沉降的方法，确定了K+溶液能够很好的抑制蒙脱石等易膨胀易水化的粘土矿物的膨胀水化，而其较好的加入浓度为10g/L，但K+溶液对高岭石的影响不大。当使用K+溶液后，絮凝剂的加入量大大减少，仅为常规煤泥水系统所需药剂量的1/6-1/20。.3）确定了水为介质洗煤和电解质溶液洗煤时相应的药剂制度。.4）构建了恒压压滤实验模型,建立了恒压压滤时滤饼水分和综合指标K值之间的数学模型。混合粒级的精煤的滤饼水分Y与K值的函数曲线为:Y=0.9998XK+5.4209。.5）综合考虑了各种压滤工艺影响因素,建立了煤泥产能、水分与这些因素的回归方程。以最终单位产能的对数(Y1)和滤饼水分(Y2)为因变量,以粘土矿物含量(X1)、循环时间(X2)、压榨压力(X3)和滤室深度(X4)为自变量变量的线性回归方程:综合产能:Y1 =1.62-0.6459*X1-0.0083*X2-0.0426*X3+0.0087*X4， 综合水分:Y2 = 14.6147+2.8004*X1+0.1612*X2-1.1676*X3+0.1641*X4。

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