一维金属/金属异质结周期性纳米结构的液相合成与等离子激元增强二次谐波性能研究

One-dimensional metal/metal heterojunction periodic nanomaterials have received more and more attention because of its unique structures, novel optoelectronic properties and applications in great advantages and potential of optoelectronic fields. But so far, the heterojunction periodic nanomaterials prepared using the existing solution-phase methods are simple in structure and it is still a great challenge for the present optical methods to characterize single one-dimensional metal/metal heterojunction periodic nanomaterials, which restricts its performance study and extensive applications. In this project, based on growth dynamics and anisotropy of heterogeneous metal nanocrystals, one-dimensional metal/metal heterojunction periodic nanomaterials with high-quality and alternating growth of heterogeneous metal nanorods will be acquired through changing reaction parameters such as monomer concentrations of metal group consisted of two metal with lattice and ion oxidation performance matching, reaction temperature and pressure, and types and concentrations of capping agents and crystal face selection agents and controlling heterogeneous nucleation or iterative heterogeneous nucleation and subsequently one-dimensional growth of tip sections of heterogeneous metal nanocrystals. Solution-phase synthetic methods of preparing such nanomaterials will be obtained through systemetically studying dynamics and regularity of heterogeneous nucleation or iterative heterogeneous nucleation and subsequent one-dimensional growth of such nanocrystal tips. Optical characterization methods of measuring single one-dimensional metal/metal heterojunction periodic nanomaterials will be established through systematically studying relationship and regularity between plasmon-enhanced second-harmonic generation properties and compositions, structures and sizes of such nanomaterials. This will lay theoretical and experimental foundation for the development of such nanomaterial applications with independent intellectual property rights.

一维金属/金属异质结周期性纳米材料因其新颖的结构、独特的光电特性和在光电领域应用的巨大优势和潜力而受到广泛关注和重视。但迄今为止，现有液相法合成的此类材料结构单一且表征单根此类纳米粒子的光学方法仍很缺乏，制约着它的性能研究和广泛应用。本项目基于异类金属纳米晶生长的动力学和各向异性，在液相中通过改变晶格和离子氧化性能差异匹配金属组的单体浓度、反应温度和压力、晶面选择剂和包裹剂种类和浓度等参数，控制一维异类纳米晶尖端（迭代）异相成核及其一维生长，获得高质量且异类金属纳米棒随异质结交替生长的一维金属/金属异质结周期性纳米材料。系统研究此类纳米晶尖端的（迭代）异相成核及其一维生长的动力学和规律性，找到液相制备此类材料的有效方法；系统研究此类材料的组成、结构和尺寸与其等离子激元增强二次谐波性能的关系与规律性，建立此类材料单根测量的光学表征方法，为开发具有自主知识产权的此类材料应用奠定理论和实验基础。

一维金属/金属异质结周期性纳米材料因其新颖的结构、独特的光电特性和在光电领域应用的巨大优势和潜力而受到广泛关注和重视。但迄今为止，现有液相法合成的此类材料结构单一且表征单根此类纳米粒子的光学方法仍很缺乏，制约着它的性能研究和广泛应用。本项目主要研究了一维银-金-银（Ag-Au-Ag）嵌段异质结纳米材料的水相合成及其不同异质结含量的瞬态吸收光学性能，一维金-钯（Au-Pd）异质结纳米材料的水相合成及其光学性能，一维硫化银-金-硫化银（Ag2S-Au-Ag2S）异质结纳米材料光电催化性能，氧化铁/碳化钛异质结纳米材料的水相合成及其产氧性能，等等。本项目基于异类金属纳米晶生长的动力学和各向异性，系统研究此类纳米晶尖端的（迭代）异相成核及其一维生长的动力学和规律性，找到了水相制备一维Ag-Au-Ag和Au-Pd嵌段异质结纳米材料的有效方法，在水相中不用种子和模板一步制备出嵌段的金属/金属异质结纳米材料不仅在国内而且在国外也是首次；系统研究异质结纳米材料的组成、结构、尺寸和形貌与其光电性能的关系与规律性，首次取得了异质结诱导的一维Ag-Au-Ag嵌段异质结纳米材料的飞秒纳秒动力学性质，用一维Ag2S-Au-Ag2S嵌段异质结纳米材料作为光催化剂首次实现高效产氢和将二氧化碳转变成甲醇和乙醇且具有选择性，用氧化铁/碳化钛异质结纳米材料实现了电子与空穴的分离并极大地提升了其光催化性能，等等。在本项目的资助下，目前已发表SCI论文有15篇，教学论文1篇，正在修改的SCI论文有1篇，8篇SCI论文正在或准备投稿，申请了中国发明专利14件，其中3件已授权。随着本项目的开展，对纳米材料的认识和应用将有重要的促进作用，对纳米材料密切相关的学科将产生重要的影响，发展了一维嵌段异质结纳米材料合成的新方法和新技术，为开发一维金属/金属和金属/半导体异质结纳米材料的应用奠定了理论和实验基础。

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