代际互助式城市住居系统构成及其评价与设计标准研究

The rapidly increasing aging-process of Chinese population result in prominent social problems, such as the degradation of home-care capacity for the young and the old, the lack of the old-suited design for houses and the social security system is not perfect and so on. In the context of active aging, the subject put forward that "intergenerational solidarity" approach and proposed the evaluation and design standards for constructing the urban residence system innovatively. Firstly, through the survey of family structure, and behavioral and psychological research about the young and the old, summarizing the "demand - support" residence model, based on this model for intergenerational solidarity ability to match proposed intergenerational mutual-residence system. Secondly, established the evaluation system and quantitative analysis for residence design to determine the weight of indicators within the framework,which is in terms of environmental and architectural design of the residence. Finally, as the studies of the design flow for intergenerational solidarity residence system, the design standards of the intergenerational solidarity urban residence and a complete theoretical system would be proposed, combining with the residence environment quantitative indicators for microclimate optimization.The issue brings out design innovation of urban residence. Meanwhile, through multiple analysis, simulation, optimizing the design process, it quantifies the design indicators, which aims to enhance the urban residence environment and to provide theoretical support and design methods guidance for the planning and design of the home-care service system construction.

面对人口快速老龄化，我国现有住居适老性严重不足。本课题采用积极老龄化的学理思维，将“代际互助”引入城市住居的规划设计，深入研究其系统建构、性能评价与设计标准。首先，基于对人口结构推演、老幼住居需求等研究，分别从家庭和社会层面总结“需求-支援”行为模型并进行空间环境匹配，建构代际互助式住居系统；其次，对住居系统构成要素进行拆解量化形成评价指标集，经赋权后建构科学完善的评价体系，用以进行城市住居代际互助性能检测和评价；最后，将评价指标集进行数理量化，权衡物理实测和主观感受，提出代际互助式城市住居设计的建议标准。本课题通过对城市住居进行实态调研、模拟体验和数据分析，开创性地为城市住居实现在宅养老、代际互助提供理论支撑和实践指导。

本课题旨通过对城市住居进行实态调研、模型建构、数据分析与设计实践，开创性地为城市住居实现代际互助提供理论支撑和应用指导。基于城市住居的代际互助基本调查，建立代际互助“需求-支援”模型和信息共享平台。结合定性与定量相互结合的实态调研分析，建立城市住居的代际互助能力评价体系。通过专题调研与统计分析，建构代际互助式城市住居设计系统、城市住居的代际互助能力评价体系、并提出代际代际老幼互动、代际护航保障、代际开放共享、代际支援服务等子系统的设计框架与策略方法，进而结合城市住居项目加以实践应用与验证反馈。课题严格按计划进度开展工作并实现预期研究目标。.从建筑学与社会学的交叉领域出发，通过基础理论分析、国内外相关研究分析、先进实践案例分析，逐步解析代际互助与城市集合住居的相互关系，建构二者在建筑研究层面的价值联系。结合国内外相关实践案例，归纳城市住居的代际互助典型项目的类型、特征与关联核心。从研究方法上实现技术路线创新。在我国老龄化社会问题背景下，本研究成果对于指导居住建筑设计具有极大的现实意义。

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