地下水硝酸盐污染的生物强化吸附去除技术原理

Faced with the serious problem of groundwater pollution by nitrate, this research aims at the efficient removal of nitrate by the permeable reactive barrier., A series of adsorbents for nitrate removal will be prepared though systematically research on the effects of recipes and preparation conditions on adsorbents structure. The bio-enhanced adsorption behavior of nitrate is investigrated through static experiment, dynamic column and sand-trough experiment. The influences of the matrix, surface property of adsorbents are discussed. Combined with the analysis of microbial community, diversity and its metabolic products, this research intends to reveal the bio-enhanced adsorption mechanism. The carbon source, material proportion of permeable reactive barrier, and the operating conditions are investigated and optimized by considering biological activity and nitrate removal performance. On this basis, this research will establish an efficient bio-enhanced adsorption process for nitrate removal, and the results will provides both the theoretical and technological supports for nitrate removal from groundwater.

本课题围绕地下水中硝酸盐污染问题，针对离子交换法去除硝酸盐存在的再生问题，系统研究配方组成和工艺条件对吸附剂结构的影响，制备系列除硝酸盐吸附剂；模拟可渗透反应墙结构，通过静态实验、动态柱实验和沙槽实验，考察系列除硝酸盐吸附剂的生物强化吸附行为，探讨吸附剂基质结构、表面性质等对硝酸盐生物强化吸附去除的影响。同时结合微生物代谢产物及生物群落、多样性分析，揭示吸附剂的生物强化吸附机制。综合微生物活性和硝酸盐去除性能，对碳源、填料比例、操作条件等进行系统考察和优化，形成硝酸盐的生物强化吸附去除工艺，为我国地下水中硝酸盐的去除提供理论依据和技术支撑。