高品质量子点单光子源及光纤耦合器件的研究

As the key quantum light sources in the field of quantum-information technology, single-photon sources own significant value for scientific research and application. Semiconductor self-assembled quantum-dot quantum light sources possess various advantages such as the tunable photoluminescence wavelength, covering the telecommunication band and superior emitting speed. However, the low yield and extracting photoluminescence efficiency restrained its rapid development, and correlative research is still at the starting stage at home and abroad. Based on the significance and urgency of study on quantum light sources and devices, this project focuses on the development of the telecommunication-band high-quality quantum light sources on the In(Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots system through the investigation of the existing technology of molecule beam epitaxy and micro-nanofabrication. Via the simulation experiment on the high collective efficiency of coupling structure on the quantum-dot micropillar and fiber optic, we would aim to fabricate the fiber-optic coupler of high-determinacy quantum-dot single-photon sources and study the output efficiency of fiber-optic coupling for single photon. We would explore the optical properties of telecommunication quantum-dot single-photon sources and devices by building a suitable optical system for testing devices. Finally, a high integration, high quality, multi quantum-technology quantum light sources with the completed proprietary intellectual property rights would be fabricated. The development and application of quantum light sources in quantum communication and quantum computation would be dramatically expedited.

单光子源作为量子信息技术中的核心量子光源，具有重要研究与应用价值。半导体自组织量子点量子光源具有荧光发射波长可调、覆盖通讯波段及超高速发射等优势。然而存在成品率和荧光提取效率的双低问题，国内外研究这方面的工作还刚刚起步。基于量子光源及器件集成研究的重要性和紧迫性，本项目通过发展现有的分子束外延技术和微纳米加工技术，聚焦于通讯波段用In(Ga)As/GaAs量子点体系高品质量子光源的研制。通过仿真模拟，设计具有收集效率高的量子点微柱与光纤耦合结构，制备高确定性量子点单光子源光纤耦合器件，探索单光子光纤耦合输出效率。通过搭建合适的器件测试光路系统，研究通讯波段用量子点单光子源器件的光学性能。最终研制出具有自主知识产权的、满足多种量子技术应用需求的、高度集成化的高品质量子光源系统，推动其在量子通信和量子计算领域中的发展和应用。

通讯波段单光子源可以广泛应用于量子计算、量子保密通信和量子存储等领域，在量子信息技术等领域中拥有极其重要的科学意义和应用价值。InAs/GaAs自组织单量子点技术是目前实现通讯用高品质、高可靠性、易于集成、发光波长可调谐单光子源的理想方案。通过研究发现：梯度烧点法的确可大幅度地提高单光子器件的成品率和利用率；高品质量子点微腔以及高确定性光纤耦合器件等有利于实现单光子高效提取；由量子点单光子源器件与高效脉管制冷机组成的小型量子光源集成系统是一种实现即插即用高品质单光子输出的实用性方案。通过搭建合适的器件测试光路系统，研究通讯波段用量子点单光子源器件的光学性能。本项目促进了具有自主知识产权的、满足多种量子技术应用需求的、高度集成化的实用型高品质量子光源系统的研制出，推动了量子计算、量子保密通信、量子雷达以及量子存储等领域的迅猛发展。

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