Soil fertility impact on plant photosynthetic strategies: from global scale to Maple-dominated forests to Sugar Maple individuals

土壤肥力对植物光合作用策略的影响：从全球范围到枫树为主的森林到糖枫个体

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05716
• 负责人: Maire, Vincent
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=765346
• 关键词: Soil; fertility; impact; plant; photosynthetic

Understanding how soil fertility promotes the productivity of terrestrial ecosystems is currently under hot debate. Ecosystem productivity depends on the functional strategies that compose the ecosystem as well as their assembly within the community. Among important strategies, the ability of plants to alternatively use water (H2O) or nitrogen (N) resources for achieving a given leaf photosynthetic rate, has important theoretical impact to predict ecosystem productivity. However, photosynthetic functional strategies have been overlooked along spatial gradient of soils, which deliver most of the H2O and N resources to plants. In addition, the extent to which the adoption of an optimal photosynthetic strategy (maximizing carbon gain at the leaf scale) endangered confers dominance to species at the community scale, is essential but virtually unexplored in order to link functional strategies with ecosystem productivity.My recent research has demonstrated that soil pH is determinant over more classical soil fertility variables to understand the global patterns in leaf nutrition and H2O utilization. However, the mechanisms underlying these spatial patterns are poorly understood.In this proposal, I plan to determine how soil fertility, through its pH values, modulates the distribution of photosynthetic strategies between and within Maple-dominated forests. This ecosystem is of strong ecological, cultural and economic importance to Eastern North America but is endangered due to previous acidic atmospheric depositions.First we will define the mechanisms by which soil pH influences the optimal combination of functional traits that species adopt to capture, transport, use N and H2O resources and maximize carbon gain. Second we will determine how this optimal trait combination defines a community attractive point toward which species would converge in order to dominate. Then we will determine how soil pH defines the variance of functional strategies around this attractive point.Soil pH is strongly influenced by climate and it is important to spatially decouple its study. We will work at three complementary scales: (i) at the global scale using a global trait dataset; (ii) within a given climatic and vegetation envelope through a natural soil pH gradient caused by the underlying geology; (iii) at the individual tree level through a long-term liming treatment on a historically acidified soil.Coupling functional with community ecology, we will shed light on the role of soil fertility on the prediction of the optimal functional strategy between communities, the distribution of functional strategies within community and ultimately the ecosystem productivity. Central to this program, six highly qualified personnel will learn specialized research technologies, as well as using a multidisciplinary approach in order to leverage knowledge acquisition.

了解土壤生育能力如何促进陆地生态系统的生产力目前正在炎热争议中。生态系统的生产力取决于构成生态系统及其在社区中的组装的功能策略。在重要的策略中，植物使用水（H2O）或氮（N）资源来实现给定的叶片光合速率的能力具有重要的理论影响，以预测生态系统的生产力。然而，沿土壤的空间梯度忽略了光合功能策略，这些策略为植物提供了大部分的H2O和N资源。 In addition, the extent to which the adoption of an optimal photosynthetic strategy (maximizing carbon gain at the leaf scale) endangered confers dominance to species at the community scale, is essential but virtually unexplored in order to link functional strategies with ecosystem productivity.My recent research has demonstrated that soil pH is determinant over more classical soil fertility variables to understand the global patterns in leaf nutrition and H2O utilization.但是，这些空间模式的基础机制知之甚少。在此提案中，我计划通过其pH值来确定土壤生育能力如何调节以枫树为主的森林之间和内部光合策略的分布。该生态系统对北美东部具有强大的生态，文化和经济意义，但由于先前的酸性大气沉积而受到威胁。首先，我们将定义土壤pH影响物种最佳组合的机制，该机制会影响物种采用，运输，运输，运输，使用N和H2O资源并最大程度地利用碳的功能性能。其次，我们将确定这种最佳特征组合如何定义一个社区有吸引力的点，物种会融合以占主导地位。然后，我们将确定土壤pH是如何定义围绕该有吸引力的点的功能策略的方差。土壤pH受到气候的强烈影响，并且在空间上将其研究脱成其研究很重要。我们将以三个互补的量表进行工作：（i）使用全球性状数据集在全球范围内； （ii）在给定的气候和植被包膜中，通过基础地质引起的天然土壤pH梯度； （iii）通过在历史上酸化的土壤上进行长期的石灰处理，在单个树的水平上。与社区生态学结合，我们将阐明土壤生育能力对社区之间最佳功能策略的作用，社区内部功能策略的分布以及最终的生态系统生产力。该计划的核心，六名高素质的人员将学习专业的研究技术，并使用多学科的方法来利用知识获取。