Improving the Commercial Value of Anti-Fusarium Probiotics in Corn and Wheat By Rapid Breeding

通过快速育种提高玉米和小麦抗镰刀菌益生菌的商业价值

• 批准号: 580654-2023
• 负责人: Raizada, ManishN
• 金额: $ 9.11万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Idea to Innovation
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=763540
• 关键词: Improving; Commercial; Value; Anti; Fusarium

There is an opportunity for Western Canadian farmers to export more wheat, and for Eastern Canadian farmers to sell more corn. One of the challenges are grain diseases caused by the fungal pathogen family, Fusarium graminearum sensu scricto (Fgss) which causes $50-$300 million in losses annually to Canadian farmers. Fgss decreases yield, but worse, secrete dangerous toxins into the grain. Fgss outbreaks are worsening, perhaps due to climate change. The current fungicides and best crop genetics, together, do not fully control the disease during severe outbreaks. One promising solution is to stack a third solution: probiotics. Just as humans benefit from probiotics, so can crops. Adding anti-Fgss probiotics (biocontrol agents) to fungicide sprays could completely suppress these diseases, as they have complementary modes of action. A probiotic that can replace 50% of the fungicide, but be delivered together as a late-season-spray to save tractor/fuel costs, would pay for itself. We have 6 safe, promising, late-season bacterial probiotics from wheat/corn that combat Fg, three of which have already shown efficacy in initial field trials. They are unique, because they are pre-adapted to the corn/wheat tissues through which Fgss spreads. To move forward, the private sector has told us that probiotics must be very potent, consistent across environments, tolerate complex fungicide formulations and be patentable. We have developed novel breeding strategies (FieldAdapt, Enhanced seek-and-kill) to evolve the probiotics to overcome these challenges.

加拿大西部农民有机会出口更多小麦，加拿大东部农民有机会出售更多玉米。其中一项挑战是由真菌病原体家族禾谷镰刀菌 (Fgss) 引起的谷物病害，该病害每年给加拿大农民造成 50-3 亿美元的损失。 Fgss 会降低产量，但更糟糕的是，还会向谷物中分泌危险的毒素。 Fgss 疫情正在恶化，可能是由于气候变化。目前的杀菌剂和最好的作物遗传学并不能在严重爆发期间完全控制该病害。一个有前途的解决方案是叠加第三种解决方案：益生菌。正如人类受益于益生菌一样，农作物也能受益。在杀菌剂喷雾剂中添加抗 Fgss 益生菌（生物防治剂）可以完全抑制这些疾病，因为它们具有互补的作用模式。益生菌可以替代 50% 的杀菌剂，但可以作为季末喷雾剂一起提供，以节省拖拉机/燃料成本，这样就能收回成本。我们有 6 种来自小麦/玉米的安全、有前景的晚季细菌益生菌，可对抗 Fg，其中三种已在初步田间试验中显示出功效。它们是独一无二的，因为它们预先适应了 Fgss 传播的玉米/小麦组织。为了向前发展，私营部门告诉我们，益生菌必须非常有效、在不同环境中保持一致、耐受复杂的杀菌剂配方并且可以获得专利。我们开发了新颖的育种策略（FieldAdapt、增强型寻找和杀死）来进化益生菌来克服这些挑战。