A Hybrid Multi-Path Optical Remote Sensing System for Monitoring Fugitive Areal Emission of Methane

监测甲烷无组织区域排放的混合多路光学遥感系统

• 批准号: RGPIN-2020-05223
• 负责人: Du, Ke
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=764669
• 关键词: Hybrid; Multi; Path; Optical; Remote

Methane is the 2nd most important greenhouse gas contributing to climate change after CO2. Despite the fact that fugitive emissions from landfills, agriculture, and oil & gas operations contribute most of the total emission, challenges are present in characterizing and quantifying such emissions due to highly heterogeneous concentration distribution, and highly variable flux over large spatial scales. Furthermore, conventional methane emission monitoring technologies have inherent limitations for capturing large-scale, heterogeneous fugitive emissions, and the applicability of some of the technologies is extremely limited under harsh weather conditions or at remote locations. Besides, the emission factors that have been entered into the emission inventories are of large uncertainties for fugitive sources due to the lack of monitoring technologies, which is particularly challenging for uncommon sources such as tailings ponds and mining face in Alberta. Emissions factors are incomplete or even unavailable for the oil sands area, despite that they are large methane sources and hence have to be included in developing the Canadian emission inventory for methane. This research aims to develop a novel, hybrid, multi-path optical remote sensing (ORS) method and system to overcome the limitations of existing technologies, and apply the new method for developing emission factors for the unique but important sources in Alberta, e.g., tailings ponds, as well as landfills. The near-term objective is to establish the method by integrating the measurement of 2-D concentration distribution using ORS technology with inverse dispersion modeling to generate the real-time emission flux distribution. Eventually, the total emission can be quantified and the emission hot spots can be located. The mid- and long-term objectives are to apply this approach to study typical major fugitive emission sources in the study area (Alberta) such as agricultural sources, to characterize the methane emission dynamics and develop emission factors for those sources, based on which a more accurate and comprehensive emission inventory could be developed. The outcome of this research is anticipated to bring immediate benefit to the emission monitoring community by providing an economical and powerful tool to address the monitoring challenges for fugitive, large scale, heterogeneous, and highly variable sources of methane. It will also provide the climate modeling researchers new data of emission factors/dynamical characteristics for the unique fugitive sources in oil sands facilities to study the impact of energy development on the regional climate. The technology can be readily transferred to other gases when the ORS sensor is replaced with the ones for those gases, allowing other potential applications in warfare agent detection, emergency response, and emission management, which in return, would reduce the impact of industry emissions on environment and public health in Canada.

甲烷是二氧化碳后气候变化的第二个最重要的温室气体。尽管事实上，垃圾填埋场，农业和石油和天然气运营的逃避排放量贡献了总排放量的大部分，但由于高度异质浓度的分布而表征和量化了这种排放的挑战，并且在大空间尺度上具有高度可变的通量。此外，传统的甲烷排放监测技术在捕获大规模，异质逃避排放的固有局限性，在恶劣的天气条件或偏远地区，某些技术的适用性极为有限。此外，由于缺乏监测技术，对逃犯来源的排放因素对逃犯的来源具有很大的不确定性，这对于艾伯塔省的尾矿池塘和采矿面而言，这尤其具有挑战性。排放因素对于油砂面积是不完整的，甚至不可用的，尽管它们是大型甲烷源，因此必须包括在开发甲烷的加拿大排放库存中。这项研究旨在开发一种新颖的，混合的，多路径的光学遥感方法（ORS）方法和系统来克服现有技术的局限性，并应用新方法来为艾伯塔省的独特但重要来源开发排放因子，例如尾矿池塘，以及垃圾池。近期目标是通过使用ORS技术与逆分散模型整合2-D浓度分布的测量来建立该方法，以生成实时发射通量分布。最终，可以量化总发射，并且可以找到发射热点。中期和长期目标是将这种方法应用于研究区域（艾伯塔省）（例如农业来源）中典型的主要逃犯来源，以表征甲烷排放动力学并为这些来源开发排放因素，以基于这些来源，可以开发出更准确，更全面的排放清单。 预计这项研究的结果将通过提供经济和强大的工具来应对逃亡，大规模，异质性和高度可变甲烷的挑战，从而为排放监测社区带来直接的好处。它还将为油砂设施中独特的逃犯来源提供气候建模研究人员的新数据，以研究能源发展对区域气候的影响。当ORS传感器被这些气体代替时，该技术可以很容易地转移到其他气体中，从而允许在战争代理检测，应急响应和排放管理中其他潜在的应用，这将减少行业排放对加拿大环境和公共卫生的影响。