Quantifying the significance and vulnerability of ecosystem services by dung beetles

量化粪甲虫生态系统服务的重要性和脆弱性

• 批准号: RGPIN-2022-03941
• 负责人: Manning, Paul
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=763599
• 关键词: Quantifying; significance; vulnerability; ecosystem; services

My research program aims to understand the significance and vulnerability of ecosystem services supported by insects. Ecosystem services are defined as the beneficial functions and goods that humans derive from ecosystems that directly or indirectly support their quality of life. Many ecosystem services supported by insects (such as pollination, pest regulation, and nutrient cycling) have a central importance within agroecosystems. Environmental stressors such as exposure to pesticides, or temperature extremes can affect the delivery of these ecosystem services through effects on insects experienced at the individual, population, or community level. Dung beetles are an excellent model system to explore these consequences across each of these levels. Most dung beetles are largely coprophagous on the dung of mammals, and feed on the microorganism-rich liquid fraction of dung. Ecosystem services provided by dung beetles (which include: disrupting parasite transmission, improving primary productivity, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions) are strongly tied to the nesting habits of dung beetle species. The nesting habits of dung beetles are influenced by biological traits (e.g. body-size), abiotic factors (e.g. temperature fluctuations), and biotic interactions (e.g. presence/absence of predators). Using a combined approach of laboratory, mesocosm, and field experiments - the first five years of my research program will identify the significance and vulnerability of ecosystem services supported by dung beetles. My approach will focus on three interrelated objectives: Objective 1. Quantifying exchange of ecosystem services between agricultural and forested habitats Objective 2. Determining how local-scale environmental quality affects trait variation and ecosystem service provision Objective 3. Bridging laboratory and field experiments to understand the ecological relevance of ivermectin-induced hormesis within dung beetles Knowledge generated through the research described will address fundamental questions in understanding the linkages between insect biodiversity and ecosystem services. As dung beetles provide a wide breadth of ecosystem services in natural and managed landscapes, knowledge generated from this research program will also have strong applicability to the sustainable management of agroecosystems.

我的研究计划旨在了解绝缘支持的生态系统服务的重要性和脆弱性。生态系统服务被定义为人类从直接或间接支持其生活质量的生态系统中获得的有益功能和商品。许多由绝缘层支持的生态系统服务（例如授粉，有害生物调节和营养循环）在农业生态系统中具有至关重要的重要性。环境压力源（例如暴露于农药或极端温度）会通过对个人，人口或社区层面的伤害经历的影响来影响这些生态系统服务的交付。 Dung甲虫是探索这些级别中每个级别的这些后果的绝佳模型系统。大多数粪便在哺乳动物的粪便上基本上是共生的，并以繁华的粪便含量富含微生物的液体分数。粪甲虫提供的生态系统服务（包括：破坏寄生虫传播，提高初级生产力和减少温室气体排放）与粪甲虫物种的筑巢习惯密切相关。粪甲虫物种的筑巢习惯受到生物学特征（例如身体大小），非生物因子（例如温度波动）和生物相互作用（例如存在/不存在捕食者）的影响。使用实验室，中验和现场实验的联合方法 - 我的研究计划的前五年将确定粪甲虫支持的生态系统服务的重要性和脆弱性。我的方法将集中在三个相互关联的目标上：目标1。量化农业和森林栖息地之间的生态系统服务的交换目标2。确定地方规模的环境质量如何影响性状变化和生态系统服务提供的目标3。桥接实验室和现场实验中的实验性，以理解Ivrmectect诱导的蜜蜂的研究，以了解Ivrimectect诱导的蜜蜂的研究，以了解Ivrmectectin诱导的蜜蜂的研究，昆虫生物多样性与生态系统服务之间的联系。随着粪便在自然和托管景观中提供广泛的生态系统服务，该研究计划产生的知识也将对农业生态系统的可持续管理具有很强的适用性。