Structure-property relations of materials having complex microstructures generated by radiation damage and Additive Manufacturing

辐射损伤和增材制造产生的复杂微观结构材料的结构-性能关系

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-04359
• 负责人: Balogh, Levente
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Queen's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=759838
• 关键词: Structure; property; relations; materials; having

Additive Manufacturing (AM) of metals is a novel technology which can significantly advance the production of custom-made components and 3D printing of mechanical parts not manufacturable by conventional means. Engineering applications relying on complex precision-made structures, would significantly benefit from these novel capabilities. The proposed research program aims to explore how components made by AM for nuclear reactors and for sensitive astrophysics detectors designed to identify dark matter will compare in strength, reliability and purity to conventionally manufactured parts. The development of both nuclear and detector technology are of high interest and strongly supported by the Government of Canada. This proposal will investigate how AM nuclear materials deteriorate under irradiation. As nuclear reactors age, the structure of the core is weakened because it is exposed to high temperature and energetic radiation by the active nuclear fuel. To test the durability and reliability of novel AM components under conditions found in a reactor, we will investigate how defects accumulate in metal alloys when bombarded with radiation, and subsequently how their strength changes. We will inspect the population of the microscopic defects by electron microscopy to determine their type, and by X-ray scattering in Dr. Balogh's modern X-ray laboratory to quantify the amount of defects produced during irradiation. We will give special attention to the effect of power-cycling on the accumulation of defects as it is of high-interest for future Canadian reactor designs. This information is key for understanding how the steadily accumulating defects deteriorate the mechanical components and for anticipating when they need replacement avoiding expensive unscheduled shutdowns. Large-scale, sensitive astrophysics detectors rely on uniquely-shaped structural components made from radiopure copper, meaning that their already very low natural radioactivity is reduced further by various purification methods. The proposed work aims to find the optimal conditions/settings for the AM process in order to obtain mechanically reliable parts while also preserving the radio-purity of copper. A blend of 4 PhD, 2 MSc and undergraduate students working on the proposed research will be immersed in a uniquely interdisciplinary and diverse environment fostered by the Arthur B. McDonald Canadian Astroparticle Physics Research Institute. They will be trained in materials characterization techniques, AM and nuclear technology, areas of interest to both academia and industry. This research will contribute to the on-going search effort of astroparticle physicists for a method to directly detect dark matter. It will also help the Canadian nuclear industry-which contributes over $6 billion/year to the Canadian economy and sustains more than 40,000 jobs-with new knowledge and future recruitment of highly qualified personnel.

金属的添加剂制造（AM）是一项新型技术，可以显着推动定制组件的生产和3D打印机械零件，无法通过常规方式制造。依靠复杂精确结构的工程应用将从这些新型功能中大大受益。拟议的研究计划旨在探讨AM为核反应堆制造的组件以及旨在识别暗物质的敏感天体物理探测器如何将强度，可靠性和纯度与常规制造的零件进行比较。核技术和探测器技术的发展具有很高的兴趣，并得到加拿大政府的强烈支持。 该提案将调查核材料在照射下如何恶化。随着核反应堆的年龄，核心的结构被削弱，因为它暴露于活性核燃料的高温和能量辐射。为了在反应堆中发现新型AM组件的耐用性和可靠性，我们将研究在被辐射轰击时如何在金属合金中积累的缺陷，然后其强度如何变化。我们将通过电子显微镜检查显微镜缺陷的种群，以确定其类型，并通过Balogh博士的现代X射线实验室中的X射线散射来量化辐照过程中产生的缺陷量。我们将特别关注电动循环对缺陷积累的影响，因为它对于未来的加拿大反应堆设计而言是高股。此信息是了解稳定积累的缺陷如何减少机械组件的关键，并预测何时需要替换避免昂贵的计划外关闭。 大规模的，敏感的天体物理探测器依赖于由辐射铜制成的独特形状的结构成分，这意味着它们已经非常低的自然放射性通过各种纯化方法进一步降低。拟议的工作旨在找到AM过程的最佳条件/设置，以便获得机械可靠的零件，同时还保留铜的无线电。由4个博士学位，2名MSC和从事拟议研究的本科生的融合将沉浸在亚瑟·B·麦克唐纳·加拿大加拿大Astroparticle物理学研究所培养的独特跨学科和多样化的环境中。他们将接受材料特征技术，AM和核技术的培训，这是学术界和工业感兴趣的领域。这项研究将有助于Astroparticle物理学家的持续搜索工作，以直接检测暗物质。它还将帮助加拿大核工业，为加拿大经济贡献超过60亿加元的贡献，并拥有40,000多个就业机会，并拥有新的知识以及对高素质人员的未来招聘。