Novel experimental and numerical techniques for efficient earthquake safety assessment of critical dam infrastructure

用于对关键大坝基础设施进行有效地震安全评估的新颖实验和数值技术

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-06891
• 负责人: Bouaanani, Najib
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754651
• 关键词: Novel; experimental; numerical; techniques; efficient

Dam failures may lead to catastrophic consequences, extending far beyond the immediate neighbourhood of dam sites due to reservoir release or overtopping. Many dams in Canada and worldwide have been in service for over 50 years, and their initial outdated design generally fails to meet modern safety criteria. Loss of lives and widespread destruction of homes and businesses due to recent floods worldwide are another clear illustration of the urgent need for comprehensive identification of the tremendous risks posed by aging dam infrastructure. In a context of budgetary restrictions, such identification of most vulnerable dams is required to prioritise their retrofit. This is even more urgent as aging dam infrastructure must resist increased critical loads due mainly to: (i) updated seismic hazard accounting for continuously improved understanding of earthquakes, and (ii) more frequent flooding events induced by changing climate patterns and landscape. In this context, dam owners, whether government, municipalities, or private sector, are faced with managing risks within cost constraints before triggering retrofit interventions, based primarily on field inspections and findings from safety evaluation reviews. Retrofit decisions must be well grounded at the risk of focusing on dams not presenting major imminent threats and delaying rehabilitation of others that must be prioritized. The long-term objective of this proposal is to provide engineers, researchers, and ultimately decision makers, with experimentally-validated simulations and experimental techniques for effective and efficient assessment of the earthquake safety and vulnerability of critical dam infrastructure. This research proposal addresses two main themes: (i) developing original 3D simulation models for safety assessment of critical dam infrastructure, and (ii) performing novel experimental tests to address critical dam safety issues. The proposed methodology is highly original and will significantly enhance the practice of safety assessment of dams and appurtenant structures subjected to earthquake loads. The developed 3D numerical models and their experimental validations using accessible data and structures from actual dam sites and available large scale testing equipment is a unique research endeavour that will lead to ground-breaking advances in dam engineering. The developed techniques and findings will have a significant socio-economic impact by reducing the risks of loss of life and property damage associated with dam incidents. Throughout all research phases, guidelines and case studies of actual dams and appurtenant structures will be provided to be advantageously used by dam engineers.

大坝故障可能导致灾难性后果，远远超出了由于释放或超越水库而导致的大坝站点附近的范围。加拿大和全球的许多水坝已经服务了50多年，其最初过时的设计通常无法符合现代安全标准。由于全世界最近的洪水而造成的房屋和企业的生命丧失和广泛破坏，这是迫切需要全面识别大坝基础设施带来的巨大风险的迫切需要。在预算限制的情况下，需要确定大多数脆弱的大坝才能确定其改造优先级。这更加紧迫，因为老化的大坝基础设施必须抵制：（i）更新的地震危险，以不断提高对地震的理解，以及（ii）因变化的气候模式和景观而引起的更频繁的洪水事件。在这种情况下，大坝所有者，无论是政府，市政当局还是私营部门，都面临在触发成本限制内的风险，然后触发改造干预措施，主要基于现场检查和安全评估审查的发现。改造决策必须良好地扎根于专注于不提出主要威胁的大坝并延迟必须优先考虑的其他人的康复的风险。该提案的长期目标是为工程师，研究人员和最终的决策者提供实验验证的模拟和实验技术，以有效，有效地评估关键大坝基础设施的地震安全性和脆弱性。该研究建议介绍了两个主要主题：（i）开发针对关键大坝基础设施安全评估的原始3D模拟模型，以及（ii）进行新颖的实验测试以解决关键的大坝安全问题。所提出的方法是高度原始的，将显着增强对大坝和承受地震负荷的附属结构的安全评估的实践。开发的3D数值模型及其实验验证使用可访问的数据和来自实际的大坝站点和可用的大规模测试设备的结构是一项独特的研究工作，将导致大坝工程的突破性进步。开发的技术和发现将通过减少与大坝事件相关的生命损失和财产损失的风险，从而产生重大的社会经济影响。在所有研究阶段中，将提供有关大坝和附属结构的指南和案例研究，以便大坝工程师有利地使用。