A new paradigm for quench protection of high-temperature superconducting magnets for future energy-frontier accelerators

用于未来能源前沿加速器的高温超导磁体失超保护的新范例

• 批准号: SAPPJ-2022-00036
• 负责人: Sirois, Frédéric
• 金额: $ 3.64万
• 依托单位: École Polytechnique de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Project
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754032
• 关键词: new; paradigm; quench; protection; temperature

Circular colliders are unique tools to deepen our understanding of the Universe. To further push our knowledge, it is mandatory to increase the beam energy to explore the behavior of fundamental (also unknown) particles. However, a higher beam energy requires increasing the radius of the collider ring or the magnetic field strength produced by the dipole magnets (also called "accelerator magnets") that bend the beam. Most of the time, the dipole field is generated by superconducting magnets based on low temperature superconductor (LTS) compounds. Superconductors are materials that have the unique property of carrying lossless DC currents below a given critical current, critical temperature or critical magnetic field. To increase the beam energy without making the accelerator bigger than they already are, stronger magnetic fields are required. One very serious option in this direction is to move towards High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) materials, which have a much higher critical and critical field than LTS and can generate fields above 20 telsa. This would be a major game changer in accelerator magnet technology. The relevant building block here is the HTS tape technology. An HTS tape is the elementary wire that we used to form flexible cables. Then, we can wind these cables in the shape of an accelerator magnet. HTS tapes are currently produced by ~10 to 12 companies worldwide in kilometric lengths, and they are quite mature. However, due to the particular nature of HTS materials, it is not yet clear how the electric current is shared between multiple tapes when the latter are arranged in a cable configuration, and even less when winded in a magnet. In addition, if a "hot spot" (local loss of superconductivity) arises for any reason (this can happen), it is not clear neither what is the best protection strategy to use for the magnet. In this project, we will take advantage of a patented technology developed at Polytechnique, which consist in a robust HTS tape architecture called "CFD tape", which has a great potential to help detect hot spots and homogenize the temperature distribution the HTS tapes affected by the hot spot. We will explore how cables made of CFD tapes react under a hot spot, in particular Conductor On a Round Core (CORC) cables, currently considered for the fabrication of future accelerator magnets by the U.S. Magnet Development Program, which will be a close collaborator of us all along this project. The final goal of this project is to demonstrate than the CFD tape technology is as expected the enabler sought for the protection of future accelerator magnets, which would then speed-up their development. Note that some experiments planned in this project and requiring major infrastructures will be performed at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL). This project represents a perfect opportunity to train highly qualified personnel in sciences and engineering in a highly inter-disciplinary environment.

圆形围墙是加深我们对宇宙的理解的独特工具。为了进一步推动我们的知识，必须增加光束能量以探索基本粒子的行为。但是，较高的光束能量需要增加对撞机环或偶极磁体（也称为“加速器磁铁”）产生的磁场强度的半径。在大多数情况下，偶极场是通过基于低温超导体（LTS）化合物的超导磁体而产生的。超导体是具有在给定临界电流，临界温度或临界磁场以下的无损直流电流的独特特性的材料。为了增加梁的能量而不会使加速器比以前更大，需要更强的磁场。在这个方向上的一个非常严重的选择是向高温超导体（HTS）材料移动，该材料比LTS具有更高和关键场的更高和关键场，并且可以生成20 telsa以上的领域。这将是加速器磁铁技术的主要游戏规则改变者。这里相关的构建块是HTS磁带技术。 HTS胶带是我们用来形成柔性电缆的基本电线。然后，我们可以以加速器磁铁的形状缠绕这些电缆。 HTS磁带目前以公里长度在全球范围内生产约10至12家公司，并且非常成熟。但是，由于HTS材料的特殊性质，尚不清楚当以电缆配置排列后，在多个磁带之间如何共享电流，而在磁铁中旋转时甚至更少。此外，如果出于任何原因出现“热点”（当地的超导率）（可能发生），那么尚不清楚什么是磁铁使用的最佳保护策略。在这个项目中，我们将利用Polytechnique开发的专利技术，该技术由强大的HTS磁带体系结构组成，称为“ CFD磁带”，该体系结构具有巨大的潜力，可以帮助检测热点并匀浆受到受HTS磁带影响的温度分布。热点。我们将探讨由CFD磁带制成的电缆如何在热点下进行反应，尤其是在圆形芯（CORC）电缆上的电缆，目前正在考虑通过美国磁铁开发计划制造未来加速器磁铁的电缆，该计划将是一个紧密的合作者我们一直在这个项目中。该项目的最终目标是证明比CFD磁带技术所预期的，以保护未来的加速器磁铁所期望的是，这将加速其开发。请注意，该项目计划的一些实验和要求进行主要基础设施的一些实验将在劳伦斯·伯克利国家实验室（LBNL）进行。该项目是一个绝佳的机会，可以在高度跨学科的环境中培训高素质的科学和工程人员。