Maritime Wireless Communication: From Propagation to Multi-User Network Topoplogies

海上无线通信：从传播到多用户网络拓扑

• 批准号: RGPIN-2018-04592
• 负责人: Gagnon, François
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: École de technologie supérieure
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=754003
• 关键词: Maritime; Wireless; Communication; Propagation; Multi

Maritime wireless communication is strategic; as such it has a long history of scientific endeavors. In the past years, we have been solicited by numerous partners, such as the Canadian Navy, to provide reliable and high-speed oversea communications. By using astute multiple antenna schemes, we have enhanced by orders of magnitude the achievable data rates overwater. However, most long range measurement campaigns, performed by others and us, show significant discrepancies between received power predictions and actual measurements. A well-studied, but still somewhat elusive, ducting effect on the propagation is caused by the gradient of refraction index induced by the evaporation layer above the sea. For example, on the great barrier reef in Australia, with a non-line-of-sight link of 70 km, the yearly average power is a thousand times less powerful than predicted, the variations are not even correlated with the wind, as the theory predicts. In the NSERC Ultra Electronics chair's last campaign, we also had an unexpected and unbelievably good non line-of-sight link at 66 km. If one wishes to design a maritime network, a compensation of unknown effects through increased power is not possible since it also involves more interference on the global network. Going back to RF propagation basics is thus imperative on this issue. We thus propose to have an in-depth observation of the wireless link and the effect of waves in the reflection process. In fact, we believe that when the range is long, the grazing angle is so low that only a small number of sea waves effectively produce reflection and diffraction. This hypothesis is in stark contrast to the usual assumption of a scattering area. We propose to compute the propagation with sub-degree grazing and a random generation of directional sea waves. An actual radio measurement will be set-up to confirm the results by correlating real-time wave measurements of sea wave heights and the received signal power. At the network level, stochastic geometry and various network topologies are examined to predict the overall performance of networks with variable node densities. It is proposed to evaluate the achievable throughput for different distributions of ship positions and antenna heights, over multiple sea conditions. In terms of topology, a combination of meshed or Ad-Hoc, point-to-point and point-to-multipoint systems will be considered to maximize the possible Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) performance. The sea is of central importance to Canada and Québec as emphasized recently by both governments investing 2 B$ in maritime strategies. It is worth noting that Ultra electronics TCS has been founded as the Canadian Marconi Company by Sir Giuseppe Marconi in 1903, renowned for oversea wireless communication with the Titanic and as the first recipient of a Radio related Nobel Prize. This proposal is completely aligned with our historical wireless inventiveness.

海上无线沟通是战略性的；因此，它具有悠久的科学努力历史。在过去的几年中，加拿大海军等众多合作伙伴征求了我们，以提供可靠而高速的海外交流。通过使用多个天线方案，我们通过浇水可实现的数据速率的数量级增强。但是，大多数由他人和美国进行的大多数远程测量活动都显示出收到的电源预测与实际测量之间的显着差异。一个经过充分研究，但仍然是某种难以捉摸的诱导作用，这是由海上经济层引起的折射指数梯度引起的。例如，在澳大利亚的大障碍礁上，非线连接70 km，年平均功率的强大一千倍比预期的一千倍，正如理论预测的那样，变化甚至与风相关。在NSERC Ultra Electronics主席的最后一场活动中，我们在66公里处也有一个出乎意料且令人难以置信的良好的非视线链接。如果一个人希望设计海上网络，则无法通过增加的功率获得未知效果的补偿，因为它还涉及对全球网络的更多干扰。因此，回到RF繁殖基础知识至关重要。因此，我们建议对无线链接进行深入观察以及在反射过程中波的影响。实际上，我们认为，当范围很长时，放牧的角度是如此之低，以至于只有少数海浪有效地产生反射和衍射。该假设与散射区域的通常假设形成鲜明对比。我们建议用次级放牧和随机产生定向海浪来计算传播。将设置实际的无线电测量，以通过将海浪高度的实时波测量和接收的信号功率相关联，以确认结果。在网络层面上，检查了随机几何形状和各种网络拓扑，以预测具有可变节点密度的网络的整体性能。提议在多个海洋条件下评估船位位置和天线高度不同分布的可实现吞吐量。在拓扑方面，将考虑将网状或临时，点对点和点对点系统组合在一起，以最大程度地提高可能的异质网络（HETNET）性能。正如两个政府在海上战略中投资2 B $的政府最近强调的那样，海洋对加拿大和魁北克都是至关重要的。值得注意的是，朱塞佩·马可尼爵士（Giuseppe Marconi）于1903年成立了Ultra Electronics TCS作为加拿大Marconi公司成立，以与泰坦尼克号的海外无线沟通而闻名，也是第一个获得相关诺贝尔无线电奖的获得者。该提案与我们历史上的无线创造力完全一致。